| AKPS | Anterior knee pain scale |
| CI | Confidence interval |
| MCID | Minimum clinically important difference |
| MD | Mean difference |
| NRS | Numeric pain rating scale |
| PFCA | Patellofemoral congruence angle |
| PFP | Patellofemoral pain |
| PRISMA | Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses |
| ROBINS-I | Risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions |
| ROB2 | Version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials |
| VAS | Visual analog scale |
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