Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the study population.
| Characteristics | Male (n = 15,838) |
Female (n = 3116) | Total Missing Value (%) | p Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age at ULT initiation | 51.2 ± 14.6 | 60.4 ± 14.9 | 0.0 | <0.0001 *** |
| BMI | 25.4 ± 3.3 | 24.8 ± 3.8 | 26.3 | <0.0001 *** |
| Smoking | 26.5 | <0.0001 *** | ||
| None or past smoker | 7371 (62.1) | 1971 (95.1) | ||
| Current smoker | 4492 (37.9) | 102 (4.9) | ||
| Alcohol consumption | 26.7 | <0.0001 *** | ||
| None or occasional drinkers | 8476 (71.6) | 1974 (95.5) | ||
| Moderate drinker (≥3/week) | 3358 (28.4) | 93 (4.5) | ||
| Comorbidities (%) | 0.0 | |||
| Hypertension | 10,186 (64.3) | 2434 (78.1) | <0.0001 *** | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 8751 (55.3) | 2243 (72.0) | <0.0001 *** | |
| Chronic kidney disease | 2998 (18.9) | 1023 (32.8) | <0.0001 *** | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 3865 (24.4) | 1297 (41.6) | <0.0001 *** | |
| Ischemic heart disease | 5910 (37.3) | 1686 (54.1) | <0.0001 *** | |
| Malignancy | 3218 (20.3) | 854 (27.4) | <0.0001 *** | |
| Systolic BP | 128.9 ± 15.3 | 126.5 ± 16.8 | 26.3 | <0.0001 *** |
| Diastolic BP | 80.2 ± 10.4 | 77.3 ± 10.6 | 26.3 | <0.0001 *** |
| Hemoglobin | 14.7 ± 1.5 | 12.6 ± 1.4 | 26.3 | <0.0001 *** |
| Creatinine | 1.4 ± 1.8 | 1.2 ± 1.8 | 26.3 | 0.0031 ** |
| Total cholesterol | 197.0 ± 40.7 | 200.8 ± 42.3 | 26.3 | 0.0002 ** |
| HDL | 51.0 ± 26.6 | 56.1 ± 30.4 | 26.3 | <0.0001 *** |
| LDL | 114.2 ± 159.4 | 118.2 ± 51.4 | 27.4 | 0.0311 * |
| Triglyceride | 192.8 ± 159.6 | 150.3 ± 131.8 | 26.3 | <0.0001 *** |
| Death | 2803 (17.7) | 900 (28.9) | 0.0 | <0.0001 *** |
| Age at death | 72.1 ± 12.3 | 75.4 ± 12.6 | 0.0 | <0.0001 *** |
Values are means ± standard deviations or numbers and frequencies (%). ULT, urate-lowering therapy, BMI, body mass index, BP, Blood pressure, HDL, high-density lipoprotein, LDL, low-density lipoprotein; *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001.