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. 2005 Jun 28;33(11):3691–3697. doi: 10.1093/nar/gki690

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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved

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Cation displacement pathway amongst $di- {}^{15}{NH}_{4}^{+}$ (1), mixed $K^{+} - {}^{15}{NH}_{4}^{+}$ (2) and di-K⁺ (3) forms of d(G₃T₄G₄)₂. Three G-quartets shown schematically define two cation binding sites. The outer G-quartets are spanned by edge-type and diagonal loops. Cations have to be dehydrated to enter ion cavity of G-quadruplex.