4HPA3H	4-hydroxyphenylacetate 3-hydroxylase
AD	Alzheimer’s disease
AKT	Protein kinase B
APP	Amyloid precursor protein
ARE	Antioxidant response element
BAX	Bcl-2-related X protein
Bcl-2	B-cell lymphoma-2
cAMP	Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
COX-2	Cyclooxygenase-2
DSS	Dextran sodium sulphate
eNOS	Endothelial Nitric oxide synthase
ERK	Extracellular regulated protein kinases
D-GALN	D-galactoamine
GC-MS	Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
GRAS	Generally regarded as safe
HO-1	Heme oxygenase-1
HPLC	High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
ICAM-1	Intercellular adhesion molecule-1
ICR	Institute of Cancer Research
IL	Interleukin
LC-DAD-MSD	Liquid chromatography serially coupled to diode array and mass selective detection
LC-MS/MS	Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
LPS	Lipopolysaccharide
MAPK	Mitogen-activated protein kinase
MEK	External signal-regulated kinase
MIP-1	Macrophage inflammatory protein-1
mTOR	Mammalian target of rapamycin
NFκB	Nuclear factor kappa-B
NLRP3	NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing 3
NMR	Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
NQO1	NADH dehydrogenase quinone 1
Nrf2	Nuclear factor erythroid 2
PI3K	Phosphoinositide 3-kinase
PKA	Protein kinase A
PS1	Presenilin 1
PSE	Ethanol extract of peanut shells
ROS	Reactive oxygen species
TGF-β	Transforming growth factor-β
TNBS	Trinitro-benzene-sulfonic acid
TNF-α	Tumor necrosis factor-α
TRP	Tyrosinase-related protein
UHPLC-ESI-MS	Liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry
UPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap	Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole electrostatic field orbitrap high-resolution
UVA	Ultraviolet A
VEGR	Vascular endothelial growth factor