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. 2024 Dec 6;16(23):4224. doi: 10.3390/nu16234224

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© 2024 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Roles of BDNF in the improving effect of FPF on cognitive impairment induced by SD. Mice were administered ANA12 (0.5 mg/kg, i.p) 15 min before the administration of FPF (100 mg/kg, p.o). (a) Expression level of BDNF (one-way ANOVA: F_{(3, 8)} = 10.89, p = 0.0034) by Western blotting. (Top) Representative Western blot image; (bottom) histogram of relative quantification. (b) The total arm entries (one-way ANOVA: F_{(3, 35)} = 2.747, p = 0.0575) and (c) the spontaneous alternation (one-way ANOVA: F_{(3, 35)} = 9.076, p = 0.0001) in the Y-maze test. (d) The step-through latency in acquisition trial (one-way ANOVA: F_{(3, 36)} = 1.692, p = 0.1861) and (e) the step-through latency in retention trial (one-way ANOVA: F_{(3, 36)} = 34.71, p < 0.0001) in of the PAT. Data are presented as the mean ± SEM (n ≤ 10). CTL, control; VEH, vehicle; SD, sleep deprivation; n.s., not significant; ANOVA, analysis of variance; SEM, standard error of mean.