Table 1.
Comparison of clinical data between the favorable and adverse outcome groups
| Factor | Favorable outcome group (n = 249) | Adverse outcome group (n = 138) | χ2 Value | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | ||||
| ≥ 40 years | 105 (42.17%) | 80 (57.97%) | 8.886 | 0.003 |
| < 40 years | 144 (57.83%) | 58 (42.03%) | ||
| Parity | ||||
| Primiparous | 115 (46.18%) | 73 (52.9%) | 1.602 | 0.206 |
| Multiparous | 134 (53.82%) | 65 (47.1%) | ||
| Gravidity | ||||
| ≥ 2 times | 137 (55.02%) | 77 (55.8%) | 0.022 | 0.883 |
| < 2 times | 112 (44.98%) | 61 (44.2%) | ||
| History of miscarriage | ||||
| Yes | 85 (34.14%) | 52 (37.68%) | 0.488 | 0.485 |
| No | 164 (65.86%) | 86 (62.32%) | ||
| Pre-pregnancy BMI | ||||
| < 18 kg/m2 | 47 (18.88%) | 19 (13.77%) | 12.232 | 0.002 |
| 18-24.9 kg/m2 | 162 (65.06%) | 76 (55.07%) | ||
| ≥ 25 kg/m2 | 40 (16.06%) | 43 (31.16%) | ||
| Gestational weight gain | ||||
| < 15 kg | 70 (28.11%) | 50 (36.23%) | 3.42 | 0.181 |
| 15-20 kg | 119 (47.79%) | 63 (45.65%) | ||
| > 20 kg | 60 (24.1%) | 25 (18.12%) | ||
| Education level | ||||
| High school or below | 63 (25.3%) | 39 (28.26%) | 3.212 | 0.201 |
| College/Undergraduate | 164 (65.86%) | 80 (57.97%) | ||
| Graduate or above | 22 (8.84%) | 19 (13.77%) | ||
| Mode of conception | ||||
| Assisted reproduction | 129 (51.81%) | 90 (65.22%) | 6.5 | 0.011 |
| Natural conception | 120 (48.19%) | 48 (34.78%) | ||
| Family history of diabetes | ||||
| Yes | 20 (8.03%) | 14 (10.14%) | 0.495 | 0.482 |
| No | 229 (91.97%) | 124 (89.86%) | ||
| Gestational hypertension | ||||
| Yes | 12 (4.82%) | 15 (10.87%) | 5.008 | 0.025 |
| No | 237 (95.18%) | 123 (89.13%) | ||
| Gestational diabetes | ||||
| Yes | 15 (6.02%) | 18 (13.04%) | 5.609 | 0.018 |
| No | 234 (93.98%) | 120 (86.96%) | ||
| Chorionicity | ||||
| Dichorionic twins | 209 (83.94%) | 110 (79.71%) | 1.095 | 0.295 |
| Monochorionic twins | 40 (16.06%) | 28 (20.29%) |
Note: BMI, Body Mass Index.