Table 1. Characteristics of Patients Aged 60 Years or Older With Lower Respiratory Tract Disease Inpatient or Emergency Department (ED) Encounters.
| Characteristic | Patients, No. (%) | Strict analysis | Broad analysis | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total study population (N = 7047) | Cases (n = 623) | Control patients, No. (%) (n = 804) | P value | Control patients, No. (%) (n = 6424) | P value | |
| Age at index date | ||||||
| 60-74 | 3001 (42.6) | 250 (40.1) | 389 (48.4) | .002 | 2751 (42.8) | .19 |
| ≥75 | 4046 (57.4) | 373 (59.9) | 415 (51.6) | 3673 (57.2) | ||
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | 3819 (54.2) | 398 (63.9) | 418 (52.0) | <.001 | 3421 (53.3) | <.001 |
| Male | 3228 (45.8) | 225 (36.1) | 386 (48.0) | 3003 (46.7) | ||
| Months of encounter | ||||||
| November-December | 2275 (32.3) | 268 (43.0) | 237 (29.5) | <.001 | 2007 (31.2) | <.001 |
| January-February | 3733 (53.0) | 326 (52.3) | 396 (49.3) | 3407 (53) | ||
| March-April | 1039 (14.7) | 29 (4.7) | 171 (21.3) | 1010 (15.7) | ||
| Race and ethnicity | ||||||
| Hispanic | 2323 (33.0) | 225 (36.1) | 310 (38.6) | .14 | 2098 (32.7) | <.001 |
| Non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander | 839 (11.9) | 93 (14.9) | 100 (12.4) | 746 (11.6) | ||
| Non-Hispanic Black | 1197 (17.0) | 70 (11.2) | 118 (14.7) | 1127 (17.5) | ||
| Non-Hispanic White | 2602 (36.9) | 226 (36.3) | 262 (32.6) | 2376 (37.0) | ||
| Multiple/other/unknowna | 86 (1.2) | 9 (1.4) | 14 (1.7) | 77 (1.2) | ||
| Modified Charlson Comorbidity Index Score | ||||||
| 0 | 474 (6.7) | 41 (6.6) | 70 (8.7) | .50 | 433 (6.7) | .48 |
| 1 | 660 (9.4) | 67 (10.8) | 89 (11.1) | 593 (9.2) | ||
| 2 | 856 (12.1) | 82 (13.2) | 101 (12.6) | 774 (12.0) | ||
| ≥3 | 5057 (71.8) | 433 (69.5) | 544 (67.7) | 4624 (72.0) | ||
| No. of inpatient encounters in the year before index date | ||||||
| 0 | 4331 (61.5) | 456 (73.2) | 542 (67.4) | .06 | 3875 (60.3) | <.001 |
| 1 | 1432 (20.3) | 91 (14.6) | 146 (18.2) | 1341 (20.9) | ||
| ≥2 | 1284 (18.2) | 76 (12.2) | 116 (14.4) | 1208 (18.8) | ||
| No. of ED encounters in the year before index date | ||||||
| 0 | 2698 (38.3) | 284 (45.6) | 317 (39.4) | .02 | 2414 (37.6) | <.001 |
| 1 | 1668 (23.7) | 151 (24.2) | 191 (23.8) | 1517 (23.6) | ||
| ≥2 | 2681 (38.0) | 188 (30.2) | 296 (36.8) | 2493 (38.8) | ||
| No. of outpatient encounters in the year before index date | ||||||
| <10 | 2033 (28.8) | 208 (33.4) | 245 (30.5) | .24 | 1825 (28.4) | .01 |
| ≥10 | 5014 (71.2) | 415 (66.6) | 559 (69.5) | 4599 (71.6) | ||
| Comorbidities | ||||||
| Myocardial infarction | 1126 (16.0) | 76 (12.2) | 115 (14.3) | .25 | 1050 (16.3) | .01 |
| Congestive heart failure | 2602 (36.9) | 215 (34.5) | 254 (31.6) | .24 | 2387 (37.2) | .19 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 1016 (14.4) | 67 (10.8) | 105 (13.1) | .19 | 949 (14.8) | .01 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 4823 (68.4) | 413 (66.3) | 540 (67.2) | .73 | 4410 (68.6) | .23 |
| Moderate or severe liver disease | 120 (1.7) | 9 (1.4) | 10 (1.2) | .74 | 111 (1.7) | .60 |
| Malignant neoplasm | 1219 (17.3) | 95 (15.2) | 133 (16.5) | .51 | 1124 (17.5) | .16 |
| Kidney disease | 2990 (42.4) | 274 (44.0) | 311 (38.7) | .04 | 2716 (42.3) | .41 |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 3518 (49.9) | 292 (46.9) | 405 (50.4) | .19 | 3226 (50.2) | .11 |
| Dementia | 851 (12.1) | 86 (13.8) | 84 (10.4) | .05 | 765 (11.9) | .17 |
| AIDS/HIV | 23 (0.3) | 0 | 2 (0.2) | .21 | 23 (0.4) | .13 |
| Diabetes | ||||||
| Diabetes with HbA1c ≥7.5 | 1098 (15.6) | 90 (14.4) | 138 (17.2) | .45 | 1008 (15.7) | .52 |
| Diabetes with HbA1c <7.5 | 2398 (34.0) | 205 (32.9) | 256 (31.8) | 2193 (34.1) | ||
| Diabetes with unknown HbA1c | 152 (2.2) | 17 (2.7) | 16 (2.0) | 135 (2.1) | ||
| No diabetes diagnosis | 3399 (48.2) | 311 (49.9) | 394 (49.0) | 3088 (48.1) | ||
| RSVpreF vaccination status | ||||||
| Did not receive RSVpreF vaccine | 6824 (96.8) | 621 (99.7) | 775 (96.4) | <.001 | 6203 (96.6) | <.001 |
| Received RSVpreF vaccine | 223 (3.2) | 2 (0.3) | 29 (3.6) | 221 (3.4) | ||
| Encounter setting | ||||||
| Hospitalization | 4024 (57.1) | 300 (48.2) | 392 (48.8) | .82 | 3724 (58.0) | <.001 |
| ED | 3023 (42.9) | 323 (51.8) | 412 (51.2) | 2700 (42.0) | ||
| Immunocompromised | ||||||
| No | 6049 (85.8) | 544 (87.3) | 683 (85.0) | .20 | 5505 (85.7) | .27 |
| Yes | 998 (14.2) | 79 (12.7) | 121 (15.0) | 919 (14.3) | ||
Abbreviations: HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; RSVpreF, Respiratory Syncytial Virus Prefusion F.
SI conversion: To convert HbA1c to proportion of total hemoglobin, multiply by 0.01.
a
Other includes individuals who self-identified as American Indian or multiple or other race and ethnicity categories.