Fig. 4.

The effect of TanⅡ on the fluoride-exposed rats (A) Scatter plots displayed the relative mRNA expression levels of Mmp9, TNF-α, IL-1β, Mbp, Mag, P53, NF-κB, GSK-3β in Tan IIA control, high fluoride group, and Tan IIA + high fluoride group. (B) The IHC staining illustrated the expression of TNF-α and MBP in Tan IIA control, high fluoride group, and Tan IIA + high fluoride group. (C–D) ROS content in Tan IIA control, high fluoride group, and Tan IIA + high fluoride group measured by flow cytometry. The numbers in the flow cytometry histograms represent the percentage of cells with elevated intracellular ROS levels above a specific threshold. Magnification: × 200, scale bars = 50 μm. Data are represented as the mean ± SEM (n = 6). ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, ∗∗∗P < 0.001, ∗∗∗∗P < 0.0001.