Table 1.
Patient Baseline Characteristics and Multi-Omics Parameters
| Variables | Overall (N=422) | ALN (N=79) | Non-ALN (N=343) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (median [IQR]), year | 39.00 [28.00, 49.00] | 42.00 [31.00, 46.00] | 38.00 [27.00, 49.50] | 0.383 |
| Tumor diameter (%), cm | ||||
| ≥3 | 205 (48.6) | 46 (58.2) | 159 (46.4) | 0.075 |
| <3 | 217 (51.4) | 33 (41.8) | 184 (53.6) | |
| Quadrant (%) | ||||
| Inner upper | 107 (25.4) | 20 (25.3) | 87 (25.4) | 0.064 |
| Inner lower | 99 (23.5) | 20 (25.3) | 79 (23.0) | |
| Outer upper | 103 (24.4) | 11 (13.9) | 92 (26.8) | |
| Outer down | 113 (26.8) | 28 (35.4) | 85 (24.8) | |
| Stage (%) | ||||
| I | 220 (52.1) | 44 (55.7) | 176 (51.3) | 0.563 |
| II | 202 (47.9) | 35 (44.3) | 167 (48.7) | |
| Differentiation (%) | ||||
| Low | 147 (34.8) | 21 (26.6) | 126 (36.7) | 0.082 |
| Moderate | 139 (32.9) | 34 (43.0) | 105 (30.6) | |
| High | 136 (32.2) | 24 (30.4) | 112 (32.7) | |
| Internal echo (%) | ||||
| Uniform | 195 (46.2) | 36 (45.6) | 159 (46.4) | 0.999 |
| Uneven | 227 (53.8) | 43 (54.4) | 184 (53.6) | |
| Posterior echo (%) | ||||
| Attenuation | 201 (47.6) | 33 (41.8) | 168 (49.0) | 0.302 |
| Non-attenuation | 221 (52.4) | 46 (58.2) | 175 (51.0) | |
| Boundary (%) | ||||
| Clear | 206 (48.8) | 36 (45.6) | 170 (49.6) | 0.606 |
| Blur | 216 (51.2) | 43 (54.4) | 173 (50.4) | |
| Long diameter (median [IQR]), mm | 15.00 [13.70, 16.30] | 14.90 [13.55, 16.50] | 15.00 [13.75, 16.25] | 0.931 |
| Short diameter (median [IQR]), mm | 5.51 [5.10, 6.11] | 8.10 [7.36, 8.84] | 5.36 [5.02, 5.76] | <0.001 |
| Cortical thickness (median [IQR]), mm | 2.18 [2.00, 2.37] | 3.39 [3.08, 3.86] | 2.13 [1.95, 2.28] | <0.001 |
| ER (%) | ||||
| Negative | 210 (49.8) | 38 (48.1) | 172 (50.1) | 0.839 |
| Positive | 212 (50.2) | 41 (51.9) | 171 (49.9) | |
| PR (%) | ||||
| Negative | 209 (49.5) | 45 (57.0) | 164 (47.8) | 0.18 |
| Positive | 213 (50.5) | 34 (43.0) | 179 (52.2) | |
| HER2 (%) | ||||
| Negative | 198 (46.9) | 40 (50.6) | 158 (46.1) | 0.543 |
| Positive | 224 (53.1) | 39 (49.4) | 185 (53.9) | |
| Ki67 (%) | ||||
| Negative | 220 (52.1) | 39 (49.4) | 181 (52.8) | 0.674 |
| Positive | 202 (47.9) | 40 (50.6) | 162 (47.2) | |
| Elastic score (%) | ||||
| ≥3 | 222 (52.6) | 45 (57.0) | 177 (51.6) | 0.462 |
| <3 | 200 (47.4) | 34 (43.0) | 166 (48.4) | |
| Alder blood (%) | ||||
| 0~I | 268 (63.5) | 35 (44.3) | 233 (67.9) | <0.001 |
| II~III | 154 (36.5) | 44 (55.7) | 110 (32.1) | |
| Enhance speed (%) | ||||
| Fast | 216 (51.2) | 43 (54.4) | 173 (50.4) | 0.606 |
| Slow | 206 (48.8) | 36 (45.6) | 170 (49.6) | |
| Feature 1 (median [IQR]) | 7.80 [7.20, 8.30] | 14.80 [13.00, 17.30] | 7.60 [7.10, 8.10] | <0.001 |
| Feature 2 (median [IQR]) | 7.60 [4.73, 10.10] | 7.00 [4.30, 9.70] | 7.90 [4.95, 10.10] | 0.176 |
| Feature 3 (median [IQR]) | 15.40 [12.10, 18.28] | 7.00 [6.00, 8.35] | 16.20 [14.15, 18.80] | <0.001 |
| Feature 4 (median [IQR]) | 8.40 [6.60, 10.20] | 8.90 [6.30, 10.30] | 8.40 [6.70, 10.10] | 0.9 |
| Feature 5 (median [IQR]) | 13.30 [10.40, 16.28] | 6.90 [5.60, 8.40] | 14.50 [11.95, 16.90] | <0.001 |
| Feature 6 (median [IQR]) | 2.30 [1.50, 3.10] | 2.20 [1.45, 2.80] | 2.30 [1.50, 3.10] | 0.375 |
| Feature 7 (median [IQR]) | 7.20 [3.92, 9.67] | 6.20 [3.25, 9.25] | 7.30 [4.20, 9.75] | 0.126 |
| Perfusion defect (%) | ||||
| Fast | 213 (50.5) | 34 (43.0) | 179 (52.2) | 0.18 |
| Slow | 209 (49.5) | 45 (57.0) | 164 (47.8) | |
| Calcification (%) | ||||
| Yes | 190 (45.0) | 32 (40.5) | 158 (46.1) | 0.441 |
| No | 232 (55.0) | 47 (59.5) | 185 (53.9) | |
| SWEmax (median [IQR]) | 6.76 [6.03, 7.42] | 8.58 [8.17, 9.31] | 6.49 [5.90, 7.02] | <0.001 |
| SWEmax/min (median [IQR]) | 1.81 [1.58, 2.06] | 2.53 [2.21, 2.90] | 1.72 [1.53, 1.91] | <0.001 |
| SWVmax (median [IQR]), m/s | 8.30 [7.50, 9.17] | 8.40 [7.60, 9.10] | 8.30 [7.30, 9.20] | 0.443 |
| SWVmin (median [IQR]), m/s | 2.90 [2.40, 3.50] | 2.20 [1.90, 2.30] | 3.10 [2.60, 3.70] | <0.001 |
| SWVcentre (median [IQR]), m/s | 3.80 [3.30, 4.50] | 3.00 [2.70, 3.30] | 4.10 [3.60, 4.60] | <0.001 |
| SWVmean (median [IQR]), m/s | 4.95 [4.70, 5.10] | 5.00 [4.70, 5.10] | 4.90 [4.70, 5.20] | 0.54 |
| SWVratio 1 (median [IQR]) | 2.00 [1.70, 2.30] | 3.10 [2.60, 3.70] | 1.90 [1.70, 2.20] | <0.001 |
| SWVratio 2 (median [IQR]) | 4.00 [3.70, 4.30] | 4.00 [3.80, 4.20] | 4.00 [3.70, 4.30] | 0.85 |
Abbreviations: ALN, axillary lymph node; IQR, interquartile range; ER, estrogen receptor; PR, progesterone receptor; HER2, Human epidermal growth factor receptor-2; SWV, Shear wave velocity; SWE, Shear wave elastography; Feature 1, Granularity_5_OrigGray; Feature 2, StDev_IdentifySecondaryObjects_Texture_Contrast_Hematoxylin_3_03_256; Feature 3, StDev_IdentifySecondaryObjects_Areashape_BoundingBoxMinimum_Y; Feature 4, StDev_IdentifySecondaryObjects_AreaShape_Zernike_6_2; Feature 5, ExecutionTime_09MeasureGranularity; Feature 6, Correlation_Slope_Eosin_OrigGray; Feature 7, Granularity_06_Eosin.