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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Dec 16.
Published in final edited form as: Front Educ (Lausanne). 2023 Nov 27;8:1279921. doi: 10.3389/feduc.2023.1279921

Table 2:

Mean and Standard Deviation for Assessment Knowledge Levels (n=72)

Assessment Term Mean Std

PROGRAM AND INSTRUMENT

Assessment Program 4.15 1.016

Student Learning Outcomes 4.89 .358

Student Competencies 4.67 .605

Formative Assessment 4.53 .903

Summative Assessment 4.50 .964

Portfolio 4.22 .982

Assessment Task 4.27 .878

Performance Assessment 4.03 1.000

Authentic Assessment 3.24 1.204

Alternative Assessment 3.42 1.017

Problem Solving Questions 4.79 .555

Scenario Questions 4.57 .766

Rubrics 4.92 .278

Analytic Scales 3.46 1.067

Grand Mean 4.26 0.55

ASSESSMENT VALIDATION

Assessment Validity 3.66 1.068

Item Discrimination 3.11 1.228

Assessment Reliability 3.65 1.103

Content Validity 3.25 1.230

Item Difficulty 3.91 1.126

Inter-rater Reliability 3.10 1.503

Intra-rater Reliability 3.01 1.468

Internal Consistency 3.01 1.409

Grand Mean 3.34 .35