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. 2024 Sep 6;30(1):310–326. doi: 10.1038/s41380-024-02719-x

Fig. 3. Proposed conserved cross-species mechanism for chronic alcohol consumption/AUD.

Fig. 3

In the gray box, the conserved mechanism includes the upstream regulators MAVS, CD28, and IFNA2 (highlighted in bold) and underlying pathways are highlighted. These pathways work together to cause neuroinflammatory responses as well as impairment in BBB integrity, cell proliferation and apoptosis regulation. Above the gray box, the three analyzed species monkey, human, and rodent are shown with their top distinct findings and how those interact with the conserved mechanism as indicated by asterisks in the respective colors (green for monkey, pink for human, blue for rodent). This figure was created with Biorender. DUSP dual specificity phosphatases, HSPs heat shock proteins, KCNs potassium channels, MRPs multidrug resistance-associated proteins, MT1s metallothionines 1, ADCs adenylyl cyclases, KLHs Kelch-like genes, NEKs NIMA related kinases, DOCKs dedicators of cytokines, PHFs PHD finger proteins, DGKs diacylglycerol kinases, H2s histocompatibility complex II genes.