Table 1.
Characteristics of unmatched and matched study participants by serum Mg status
| Unmatched | patients (n = 2,286) | Matched | patients (n = 1,860) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Parameter |
Deficient/potentially deficient Mg status n = 1164 |
Adequate Mg status n = 1122 |
SMD % |
Deficient/potentially deficient Mg status n = 930 |
Adequate Mg status n = 930 |
SMD% |
| Age (years) | 62.2 ± 10.6 | 62.7 ± 10.5 | -4.7 | 62.9 ± 10.8 | 63.0 ± 10.5 | -0.9 |
| Females | 335 (28.8) | 386 (34.4) | -16.4 | 291 (31.3) | 291 (31.3) | 0.0 |
| Body Mass Index (kg/m2) | 27.4 ± 4.0 | 27.5 ± 4.2 | -2.4 | 27.4 ± 3.9 | 27.5 ± 4.2 | -2.5 |
| Season of Blood Sampling | ||||||
| Winter | 224 (19.3) | 333 (29.7) | -31.7 | 213 (22.9) | 208 (22.4) | 1.7 |
| Spring | 185 (15.9) | 242 (21.6) | -19.2 | 284 (30.5) | 201 (21.6) | -12.8 |
| Summer | 356 (30.6) | 294 (26.2) | 13.9 | 284 (30.5) | 271 (29.1) | 4.3 |
| Fall | 399 (34.3) | 253 (22.5) | 39.1 | 267 (28.7) | 250 (26.9) | 5.6 |
| Smoking | 766 (65.8) | 690 (61.5) | 12.4 | 597 (64.2) | 582 (62.6) | 4.6 |
| Exercise (scale) | 5.9 ± 1.8 | 5.9 ± 1.7 | 0.0 | 5.9 ± 1.8 | 5.9 ± 1.8 | 0.0 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 63.9 ± 15.2 | 67.8 ± 15.1 | -25.7 | 65.5 ± 14.4 | 66.0 ± 14.3 | -3.5 |
| Diagnosis | ||||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 188 (16.2) | 226 (20.1) | -13.4 | 154 (16.6) | 171 (18.4) | -6.4 |
| Hypertension | 666 (57.2) | 656 (58.5) | -3.7 | 536 (57.2) | 532 (57.6) | -1.1 |
| Atrial Fibrillation | 168 (14.4) | 176 (15.7) | -4.9 | 143 (15.4) | 141 (15.2) | 0.8 |
| Biochemical Parameters | ||||||
| Bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.65 ± 0.41 | 0.63 ± 0.36 | 5.2 | 0.64 ± 0.37 | 0.64 ± 0.38 | 0.0 |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 141 ± 3 | 141 ± 3 | 0.0 | 141 ± 3 | 141 ± 3 | 0.0 |
| Calcium (mmol/L) | 2.33 ± 0.11 | 2.32 ± 0.10 | 9.5 | 2.33 ± 0.11 | 2.33 ± 0.10 | 0.0 |
| Phosphate (mmol/L) | 1.14 ± 0.19 | 1.14 ± 0.18 | 0.0 | 1.14 ± 0.18 | 1.13 ± 0.18 | 5.6 |
| PTH (pg/mL) | 36.3 ± 41.0 | 32.1 ± 15.9 | 13.5 | 32.3 ± 16.9 | 32.8 ± 16.6 | -3.6 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/dL) | 1.02 ± 2.04 | 0.92 ± 1.78 | 5.2 | 0.97 ± 1.85 | 0.96 ± 1.88 | 0.5 |
| Cortisol (µg/dL) | 23.1 ± 9.6 | 21.9 ± 6.8 | 14.4 | 22.6 ± 7.1 | 22.3 ± 6.8 | 4.3 |
| Medications | ||||||
| Beta-Blockers | 744 (63.9) | 700 (62.4) | 4.3 | 584 (63.3) | 589 (62.8) | 1.5 |
| ACE-inhibitors/AT-blockers | 644 (57.4) | 678 (58.2) | -2.3 | 547 (58.8) | 540 (58.1) | 2.0 |
| Glucocorticoids | 28 (2.4) | 22 (2.0) | 3.3 | 18 (1.7) | 16 (1.9) | -1.7 |
| Statins | 591 (50.8) | 494 (44.0) | 19.2 | 437 (48.8) | 454 (47.0) | 5.0 |
| Digitoxin | 169 (14.5) | 179 (16.0) | -5.6 | 149 (14.9) | 139 (16.0) | -4.1 |
| Diuretics | 314 (29.5) | 343 (28.0) | 4.6 | 264 (28.4) | 268 (28.8) | -1.2 |
| Aspirin | 840 (72.2) | 791 (70.5) | 5.2 | 658 (70.8) | 665 (71.5) | -2.2 |
| Antibiotics | 22 (1.9) | 17 (1.5) | 3.6 | 16 (1.7) | 14 (1.5) | 1.8 |
Abbreviations: eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; PTH, parathyroid hormone; ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme; AT, angiotensin; SMD, standardized mean difference