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Homologous recombination between pUPF5 or its derivatives (pMP) and the P. gingivalis chromosome. The thicker lines represent the DNA fragment containing the fimA gene, fimA promoter region, lacZ gene, and erythromycin resistance gene (Ery). (A) The homologous recombination occurs upstream of the mutation. (B) The recombination occurs downstream of the mutation. Pmut. and Pwild, mutant and wild-type promoters, respectively.
