Table 3.
Certainty assessment | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Outcomes | No. of studies | Study design | Risk of biasa | Inconsistency b | Indirectness c | Imprecision d | Publication bias e | Certainty |
Depression | 10 | observational studies | very serious | very serious | not serious | not serious | none |
⊕◯◯◯ Very low |
Risk of bias assessed using JBI. Downgrade 2 levels, considering the high risk of bias of the studies evaluated.
Downgrade 1 level if I2 was 50% to 75%, and 2 levels if I2 was 75% to 100%.
No downgrade for indirectness because all studies directly measure the outcomes.
No downgrade for imprecision because of >2000 participants for each outcome.
Publication bias was considered when significance of p < 0.05. No downgrade because p = 0.2932.