Table 1.

Comparison of clinical data between the incident and non-incident groups

Category	Incident group (n = 61)		Non-incident group (n = 59)		t/χ 2	P value
	Cases	Percentage (%)	Cases	Percentage (%)
Sex
Male	48	78.69	31	52.54	9.115	0.003
Female	13	21.31	28	47.46
Age (years)
< 55	33	54.10	38	64.41	1.319	0.251
≥ 55	28	45.90	21	35.59
Tumor distance from anal margin (cm)
< 5	29	47.54	35	59.32	1.672	0.196
≥ 5	32	52.46	24	40.68
Interval between radiotherapy and surgery (weeks)
≥ 8	15	24.59	18	30.51	0.527	0.468
< 8	46	75.41	41	69.49
Stoma creation (preventive)
Yes	27	44.26	22	37.29	0.604	0.437
No	34	55.74	37	62.71
Hand-sewn anastomosis
Yes	18	29.51	15	25.42	0.251	0.616
No	43	70.49	44	74.58
Surgery time (minute)
≥ 180	22	36.07	11	18.64	4.566	0.033
< 180	39	63.93	48	81.36
Intraoperative bleeding (mL)
≥ 150	23	37.70	11	18.64	5.366	0.021
< 150	38	62.30	48	81.36
Pelvic radiation injury
Yes	34	55.74	15	25.42	11.408	0.001
No	27	44.26	44	74.58
Smoking history
Yes	15	24.59	11	18.64	0.625	0.429
No	46	75.41	48	81.36
Alcohol history
Yes	16	26.23	13	22.03	0.288	0.591
No	45	73.77	46	77.97
Hypertension
Yes	11	18.03	15	25.42	0.965	0.326
No	50	81.97	44	74.58
Diabetes
Yes	8	13.11	9	15.25	0.113	0.737
No	53	86.89	50	84.75
Preoperative anemia
Yes	5	8.20	8	13.56	0.893	0.345
No	56	91.80	51	86.44
Preoperative hypoalbuminemia (< 35 g/L)
Yes	6	9.84	8	13.56	0.403	0.525
No	55	90.16	51	86.44
Intraoperative blood transfusion
Yes	25	40.98	13	22.03	4.977	0.026
No	36	59.02	46	77.97
Tumor center location
Below the peritoneal reflection	15	24.59	17	28.81	0.274	0.601
Above the peritoneal reflection	46	75.41	42	71.19
Differentiation degree
Moderately to well-differentiated	52	85.25	45	76.27	1.559	0.212
Poorly differentiated or undifferentiated	9	14.75	14	23.73