Table 1.
Characteristics of individuals among risk perception categories (n = 739).
| Variables | n (%) | Under perception (n = 46) | Accurate perception (n = 216) | Over perception (n = 477) | χ2/F | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | ||||||
| 20–<40 | 380 (51.4) | 2 (4.3) | 106 (49.1) | 272 (57.0) | 174.054 | <0.001 |
| 40–<60 | 237 (32.1) | 9 (19.6) | 53 (24.5) | 175 (36.7) | ||
| 60–80 | 122 (16.5) | 35 (76.1) | 57 (26.4) | 30 (6.3) | ||
| Gender | 20.158 | <0.001 | ||||
| Male | 286 (38.7) | 31 (67.4) | 90 (41.7) | 165 (34.6) | ||
| Female | 453 (61.3) | 15 (32.6) | 126 (58.3) | 312 (65.4) | ||
| Educational level | - | <0.001a | ||||
| Junior school or below | 119 (16.1) | 22 (47.8) | 40 (18.5) | 57 (11.9) | ||
| Middle/high school/specialty degree | 225 (30.4) | 24 (52.2) | 74 (34.3) | 127 (26.6) | ||
| Bachelor’s degree or above | 395 (53.5) | 0 (0) | 102 (47.2) | 293 (61.5) | ||
| Marital status | 9.304 | 0.010 | ||||
| Single | 209 (28.3) | 4 (8.7) | 63 (29.2) | 142 (29.8) | ||
| Married | 530 (71.7) | 42 (91.3) | 153 (70.8) | 335 (70.2) | ||
| Ethnic group | - | 0.521a | ||||
| Han Chinese | 722 (97.7) | 46 (100.0) | 210 (97.2) | 466 (97.7) | ||
| Minority | 17 (2.3) | 0 (0) | 6 (2.8) | 11 (2.3) | ||
| Employment status | 76.039 | <0.001 | ||||
| Employed | 473 (64.0) | 8 (17.4) | 113 (52.3) | 352 (73.8) | ||
| Unemployed | 266 (36.0) | 38 (82.6) | 103 (47.7) | 125 (26.2) | ||
| Monthly income (RMB) | 44.147 | <0.001 | ||||
| < 5,000 | 335 (45.3) | 40 (87.0) | 111 (51.4) | 184 (38.6) | ||
| ≥ 5,000 | 404 (54.7) | 6 (13.0) | 105 (48.6) | 293 (61.4) | ||
| Smoking status | 9.496 | 0.009 | ||||
| Current smoking | 121 (16.4) | 15 (32.6) | 32 (14.8) | 74 (15.5) | ||
| Non-smoking/quit smoking | 618 (83.6) | 31 (67.4) | 184 (85.2) | 403 (84.5) | ||
| Drinking status | 18.497 | <0.001 | ||||
| Current drinking | 122 (16.5) | 18 (39.1) | 30 (13.9) | 74 (15.5) | ||
| Non-drinking/quit drinking | 617 (83.5) | 28 (60.9) | 186 (86.1) | 403 (84.5) | ||
| Hypertension | 88.426 | <0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 165 (22.3) | 32 (69.6) | 67 (31.0) | 66 (13.8) | ||
| No | 574 (77.7) | 14 (30.4) | 149 (69.0) | 411 (86.2) | ||
| Diabetes | 68.982 | <0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 302 (40.9) | 42 (91.3) | 106 (49.1) | 154 (32.3) | ||
| No | 437 (59.1) | 4 (8.7) | 110 (50.9) | 323 (67.7) | ||
| CVD family history | - | 0.041a | ||||
| Yes | 68 (9.2) | 0 (0) | 17 (7.9) | 51 (10.7) | ||
| No | 671 (90.8) | 46 (100.0) | 199 (92.1) | 426 (89.3) | ||
| BMI (kg/m2) | - | 0.057a | ||||
| < 18.5 | 66 (8.9) | 0 (0) | 19 (8.8) | 47 (9.9) | ||
| 18.5–23.9 | 409 (55.3) | 24 (52.2) | 112 (51.9) | 273 (57.2) | ||
| ≥ 24.0 | 264 (35.7) | 22 (47.8) | 85 (39.4) | 157 (32.9) | ||
| Central obesity | 14.573 | 0.001 | ||||
| Yes | 291 (39.4) | 26 (56.4) | 100 (46.3) | 165 (34.6) | ||
| No | 448 (60.6) | 20 (43.5) | 116 (53.7) | 312 (65.4) | ||
| Subjective health status | 12.451 | 0.002 | ||||
| Excellent/good | 608 (82.3) | 29 (63.0) | 181 (83.8) | 398 (83.4) | ||
| Fair/poor | 131 (17.7) | 17 (37.0) | 35 (16.3) | 79 (16.6) | ||
| CVD related knowledge | 5.76 ± 1.92 | 5.57 ± 1.79 | 5.73 ± 1.93 | 5.78 ± 1.93 | 0.295 | 0.744 |
| Perceived benefits and intention to change PA | 18.43 ± 3.63 | 18.46 ± 2.71 | 18.07 ± 4.49 | 18.60 ± 3.25 | 1.537 | 0.216 |
| Perceived benefits and intention to change DH | 12.62 ± 2.32 | 13.15 ± 2.16 | 12.61 ± 2.84 | 12.58 ± 2.06 | 1.285 | 0.277 |
Note: Data are n (%) or Mean ± SD. BMI = body mass index. CVD = cardiovascular disease. PA = physical activity. DH = dietary habits.
a
Fisher exact test.