Table 1.
Clinical and MRI demographics of the T1 mapping cohort.
| Characteristic | Long‐T1 PRL categorization | Classical PRL categorization | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 long‐T1 PRL | ≥1 long‐T1 PRL | P/P FDR b | 0–3 PRL | ≥4 PRL | P/P FDR b | |
| N = 66 a | N = 37 a | N = 75 a | N = 28 a | |||
| Age | 43.43 (13.09) | 46.15 (13.06) | 0.3/0.4 | 46.03 (13.57) | 40.06 (10.73) | 0.042/0.057 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Male | 20/66 (30%) | 16/37 (43%) | 0.2/0.3 | 25/75 (33%) | 11/28 (39%) | 0.6/0.6 |
| Female | 46/66 (70%) | 21/37 (57%) | 50/75 (67%) | 17/28 (61%) | ||
| Phenotype | ||||||
| RRMS | 52/66 (79%) | 20/37 (54%) | 0.009/0.014 | 54/75 (72%) | 18/28 (64%) | 0.4/0.4 |
| PMS | 14/66 (21%) | 17/37 (46%) | 21/75 (28%) | 10/28 (36%) | ||
| Disease duration | 8.87 (9.45) | 9.16 (10.23) | 0.7/0.7 | 10.06 (10.24) | 6.06 (7.43) | 0.051/0.069 |
| Treatment at baseline | ||||||
| Untreated | 35/66 (53%) | 22/37 (59%) | 0.4/0.4 | 46/75 (61%) | 11/28 (39%) | 0.2/0.2 |
| Platform | 4/66 (6.1%) | 1/37 (2.7%) | 4/75 (5.3%) | 1/28 (3.6%) | ||
| High efficacy | 20/66 (30%) | 7/37 (19%) | 17/75 (23%) | 10/28 (36%) | ||
| Very high efficacy | 7/66 (11%) | 7/37 (19%) | 8/75 (11%) | 6/28 (21%) | ||
| EDSS | 2.39 (1.82) | 3.72 (2.22) | 0.010/0.015 | 2.72 (2.02) | 3.27 (2.15) | 0.4/0.5 |
| MSSS | 3.96 (2.44) | 5.80 (2.38) | <0.001/<0.001 | 4.25 (2.48) | 5.63 (2.55) | 0.020/0.028 |
| Norm. brain volume | 0.74 (0.03) | 0.73 (0.03) | 0.2/0.2 | 0.74 (0.03) | 0.75 (0.03) | 0.11/0.14 |
| Norm. thalamic volume | 0.0088 (0.00097) | 0.0084 (0.00082) | 0.014/0.02 | 0.0087 (0.00097) | 0.0086 (0.0089) | 0.5/0.5 |
| Norm. CP volume | 0.0016 (0.0003) | 0.0018 (0.0003) | 0.009/0.014 | 0.0017 (0.0003) | 0.0018 (0.0003) | 0.2/0.2 |
| T2 lesion load | 5,822.55 (6,485.61) | 10,234.78 (9,001.95) | 0.001/0.002 | 6,869.01 (7,605.92) | 8,849.96 (8,055.39) | 0.10/0.13 |
| Number of cortical lesions | 6.17 (8.66) | 15.38 (29.15) | 0.008/0.012 | 7.37 (11.85) | 15.11 (30.95) | 0.064/0.085 |
Treatments: platform = injectable platform drugs; high efficacy = teriflunomide, dimethyl fumarate, fingolimod, siponimod, and ozanimod; very high efficacy = ocrelizumab, ofatumumab, rituximab, natalizumab, and cyclophosphamide. Bold P‐values indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05). CP, choroid plexus; EDSS, Expanded Disability Status Scale; MS, multiple sclerosis; MSSS, Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score; lT1‐PRL, long‐T1 paramagnetic rim lesion; PMS, primary or secondary progressive MS; PRL, paramagnetic rim lesion; RRMS, relapsing–remitting MS; normalized volumes = total structure volume/intracranial volume.
Mean (SD); n/N (%).
Wilcoxon rank sum test; Pearson's chi‐squared test; Fisher's exact test.