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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Dec 17.
Published in final edited form as: Sci Transl Med. 2023 Aug 2;15(707):eadg0873. doi: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adg0873

Fig. 5. PTMA overexpression inhibits transcription of HIV-1 in vitro.

Fig. 5.

(A) Proviral HIV-1 constructs and increasing amounts of a plasmid expressing PTMA (fivefold incremental change ranging from 0.0016 to 1 μg) were cotransfected into HEK293T cells. Infectious virus yield was measured using the TZM-bl reporter cell infectivity assay. The top panel shows absolute infectivity, and the lower panel shows values normalized to the infectious virus yield obtained in the absence of PTMA overexpression (100%). (B and C) p24 antigen measured by ELISA (B) and normalized infectivity produced by HEK293T cells (C) were measured in the presence of increasing quantities of PTMA. (D) Expression of HIV-1 proteins, PTMA, and GAPDH in viral particles (Sups.) or cellular extracts (Cells) was determined by Western blot. (E) Abundance of viral transcripts determined by qRT-PCR in multiplex reactions with GAPDH as control. Bar diagrams show mean values (±SEM) derived from three or four independent experiments performed in technical triplicates. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001.