Table 2. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis of risk factors for AF recurrence.
| Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HR | 95% CI | P | HR | 95% CI | P | ||
| Clinical characteristics | |||||||
| Age (years) | 0.989 | 0.967–1.011 | 0.303 | – | – | – | |
| Male | 0.707 | 0.455–1.101 | 0.125 | – | – | – | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 0.984 | 0.922–1.051 | 0.640 | – | – | – | |
| Paroxysmal AF | 0.930 | 0.595–1.455 | 0.752 | – | – | – | |
| HTN | 1.110 | 0.713–1.728 | 0.645 | – | – | – | |
| T2DM | 1.026 | 0.512–2.054 | 0.943 | – | – | – | |
| Previous stroke/TIA | 1.397 | 0.834–2.340 | 0.204 | – | – | – | |
| HF | 0.562 | 0.227–1.390 | 0.212 | – | – | – | |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score | 1.006 | 0.869–1.164 | 0.936 | – | – | – | |
| HAS-BLED score | 1.158 | 0.941–1.425 | 0.166 | – | – | – | |
| Laboratory indicators | |||||||
| TC (mmol/L) | 1.126 | 0.904–1.402 | 0.289 | – | – | – | |
| TG (mmol/L) | 1.375 | 1.059–1.785 | 0.017 | 0.944 | 0.646–1.379 | 0.766 | |
| TyG index | 2.603 | 1.784–3.798 | <0.001 | 2.268 | 1.372–3.750 | 0.001 | |
| Scr (mmol/L) | 0.987 | 0.972–1.001 | 0.074 | – | – | – | |
| HDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.230 | 0.588–2.572 | 0.582 | – | – | – | |
| LDL-C (mmol/L) | 1.196 | 0.936–1.528 | 0.152 | – | – | – | |
| hs-cTnT (ng/L) | 1.005 | 1.001–1.009 | 0.013 | 1.003 | 0.999–1.008 | 0.115 | |
| Imaging characteristics | |||||||
| LA-EATV (cm3) | 1.052 | 1.033–1.072 | <0.001 | 1.043 | 1.021–1.066 | <0.001 | |
| LA-EAT attenuation (HU) | 1.074 | 1.043–1.106 | <0.001 | 1.042 | 1.007–1.078 | 0.017 | |
| LAD-V (cm3) | 1.838 | 0.994–3.398 | 0.052 | – | – | – | |
| LAD-FAI (HU) | 0.986 | 0.963–1.010 | 0.242 | – | – | – | |
| LCX-V (cm3) | 0.666 | 0.372–1.191 | 0.171 | – | – | – | |
| LCX-FAI (HU) | 1.059 | 1.037–1.082 | <0.001 | 1.032 | 1.007–1.058 | 0.012 | |
| RCA-V (cm3) | 1.382 | 0.790–2.415 | 0.256 | – | – | – | |
| RCA-FAI (HU) | 0.990 | 0.971–1.011 | 0.347 | – | – | – | |
AF, atrial fibrillation; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; BMI, body mass index; HTN, hypertension; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; TIA, transient ischemic attack; HF, heart failure; HAS-BLED, hypertension, abnormal renal/liver function, stroke, bleeding history or predisposition, labile INR, elderly, drugs/alcohol concomitantly; INR, international normalized ratio; CHA2DS2-VASc, congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 years (doubled), diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or transient ischemic attack (doubled), vascular disease, age 65–74 years, female; TC, total cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; TyG, triglyceride-glucose; Scr, serum creatinine; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; hs-cTnT, high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T; LA-EATV, volume of the left atrial epicardial adipose tissue; LA-EAT, left atrium epicardial adipose tissue; HU, Hounsfield unit; LAD, left anterior descending artery; LAD-V, adipose volume surrounding the LAD; LAD-FAI, left anterior descending artery fat attenuation index; LCX, left circumflex coronary artery; LCX-V, adipose volume surrounding the LCX; LCX-FAI, left circumflex coronary artery fat attenuation index; RCA, right coronary artery; RCA-V, adipose volume surrounding the RCA; RCA-FAI, right coronary artery fat attenuation index.