Table 3. Baseline characteristics of young patients with and without csPCa.
| Variable | csPCa group (n=47) | Non-csPCa group (n=160) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at biopsy (years), median [IQR] | 53 [52–55] | 52 [48–54] | 0.006‡* |
| BMI (kg/m2), median [IQR] | 24.8 [22.3–27.3] | 24.3 [22.5–26.3] | 0.448‡ |
| Chief complaint, n (%) | 0.013†* | ||
| Elevated PSA | 37 (78.7) | 94 (58.8) | |
| Clinical symptoms | 10 (21.3) | 66 (41.2) | |
| PSA value (ng/mL), median [IQR] | 12.1 [7.7–24.6] | 8.3 [6.0–11.2] | <0.001‡* |
| Prostate volume (mL), median [IQR] | 32.8 [24.7–42.4] | 37.8 [28.9–51.3] | 0.036‡* |
| PSAD (ng/mL), median [IQR] | 0.38 [0.20–0.69] | 0.21 [0.14–0.31] | <0.001‡* |
| DRE, n (%) | 0.113§ | ||
| Negative | 39 (83.0) | 146 (91.3) | |
| Positive | 8 (17.0) | 14 (8.7) | |
| PI-RADS score, n (%) | <0.001†* | ||
| <3 | 5 (10.6) | 78 (48.8) | |
| 3 | 4 (8.5) | 46 (28.7) | |
| 4 | 18 (38.3) | 32 (20.0) | |
| 5 | 20 (42.6) | 4 (2.5) | |
| Number of lesions, n (%)¶ | 0.450† | ||
| 1 | 29 (69.0) | 51 (62.2) | |
| ≥2 | 13 (31.0) | 31 (37.8) | |
| Anatomical location, n (%)¶ | 0.064† | ||
| Apex | 15 (35.7) | 16 (19.5) | |
| Basal | 6 (14.3) | 24 (29.3) | |
| Middle | 21 (50.0) | 42 (51.2) | |
| Histological location, n (%)¶ | 0.016†* | ||
| Peripheral zone | 30 (71.4) | 40 (48.8) | |
| Other | 12 (28.6) | 42 (51.2) | |
| Smoking, n (%) | 17 (36.2) | 43 (26.9) | 0.217† |
| Alcohol intake, n (%) | 12 (25.5) | 25 (15.6) | 0.119† |
| Metabolic syndrome, n (%) | 8 (17.0) | 7 (4.4) | 0.007§* |
†, Chi-square test; ‡, Mann-Whitney test; §, Fisher exact test; ¶, these analyses focused solely on main lesions and patients with PI-RADS ≥3; *, statistically significant. csPCa, clinically significant prostate cancer; IQR, interquartile range; BMI, body mass index; PSA, prostate-specific antigen; PSAD, prostate-specific antigen density; DRE, digital rectal examination; PI-RADS, Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System.