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. 2024 Nov 22;12(10):1489–1506. doi: 10.1002/ueg2.12658
graphic file with name UEG2-12-1489-g004.jpg Basic behavioural advice (i.e., toilet routine, bowel training) can be considered
Good Practice Statement, ungraded
graphic file with name UEG2-12-1489-g003.jpg Dietary adjustments (i.e., optimal fibre and fluid intake) can be considered
Very low level of evidence
graphic file with name UEG2-12-1489-g002.jpg Lifestyle adjustments, especially weight loss in overweight patients and smoking cessation in active smokers, could be used
Low level of evidence
graphic file with name UEG2-12-1489-g002.jpg Medication (i.e., stool bulking agents as psyllium, laxatives as macrogol, anti‐diarrheal medication such as loperamide, and/or bile acid binders such as cholestyramine) could be used
Low level of evidence
graphic file with name UEG2-12-1489-g004.jpg Psychosocial interventions (i.e., cognitive behavioural training or psychotherapy) can be considered once other pathology has been ruled out
Good Practice Statement, ungraded