Table 2.
Individual comorbidities and risk factors in adult patients hospitalized for invasive pneumococcal disease in the metropolitan area of Zagreb (2010–2022).
| Comorbidities and other risk factors | Subjects N (%) |
|---|---|
| Total number of subjects | 389 |
| Without comorbidities/risk factors | 58 (14.9) |
| With ≥1 comorbidity/risk factor# | 331 (85.1) |
| With ≥2 comorbidities/risk factors | 229 (58.9) |
| Frequency of individual comorbidities/risk factors | |
| Age ≥ 65 years | 185 (55.9) |
| Tobacco smoking | 96 (29.0) |
| Chronic cardiovascular disease | 77 (23.3) |
| Diabetes | 74 (22.4) |
| Alcoholism | 49 (14.8) |
| Malignant disease | 47 (14.2) |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 41 (12.4) |
| Corticosteroid therapy | 35 (10.6) |
| Malignant hematological disease | 30 (9.1) |
| Living in a retirement facility | 26 (7.9) |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 26 (7.9) |
| Chronic liver disease | 25 (7.6) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 21 (6.3) |
| Neurodegenerative disease | 18 (5.4) |
| Trauma of the CNS* | 16 (4.8) |
| Organ transplant | 11 (3.3) |
| Hypogammaglobinemia | 7 (2.1) |
| Congenital or acquired asplenia | 5 (1.5) |
| HIV positive | 2 (0.6) |
#Some patients had more than one underlying disease/risk factor.
*Cerebrospinal fluid leak.