TABLE 1.

DPDS intervention alleviated dyslipidemia and relieved systemic oxidative stress in DKD rats.

Name of index	Nor	Mod	Met	DPDS-L	DPDS-H
Blood TG (mg/dL)	112.5 ± 22.5**	338.4 ± 30.6	267.5 ± 36.4**	287.4 ± 43.4*	213.0 ± 38.7**
Blood TC (mg/dL)	108.7 ± 12.7**	168.1 ± 21.3	130.7 ± 19.7**	154.5 ± 32.4	143.9 ± 15.5*
Blood LDL-C (mg/dL)	98.4 ± 12.9**	135.0 ± 9.3	100.7 ± 9.7**	120.2 ± 18.4	116.9 ± 5.3*
Blood HDL-C (mg/dL)	106.5 ± 14.1**	61.0 ± 9.3	78.3 ± 7.6**	68.6 ± 11.7	76.9 ± 10.6**
Blood MDA (nmol/L)	14.4 ± 2.6**	21.0 ± 4.4	15.8 ± 4.0*	20.3 ± 2.9	15.4 ± 3.6*
Blood T-AOC (U/mL)	12.7 ± 3.7**	7.8 ± 1.8	10.8 ± 1.9**	8.8 ± 1.4	10.3 ± 1.9*
Blood SOD (U/mL)	270.5 ± 18.3**	209.4 ± 19.0	247.3 ± 11.8**	223.2 ± 13.2	247.7 ± 18.3**
Blood GSH-Px (U/mL)	46.4 ± 10.8**	30.4 ± 5.4	42.9 ± 15.2*	38.0 ± 14.7	44.2 ± 14.0*
Blood GSH (μmol/L)	128.8 ± 15.8**	99.4 ± 9.5	114.8 ± 11.3*	107.3 ± 6.6	121.5 ± 10.4*
Blood ALT (U/L)	68.4 ± 14.1**	114.5 ± 21.8	80.3 ± 20.6**	93.6 ± 13.8*	77.9 ± 10.4**
Blood AST (U/L)	61.0 ± 12.1**	119.7 ± 16.4	95.3 ± 14.1**	96.9 ± 18.1*	82.7 ± 16.5**

Data are presented as mean ± SEM, n = 10. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01 vs. Mod group. Nor = Normal, Mod = Model, Met = Metformin, DPDS-L, Diphenyl diselenide low-dose; DPDS-H, Diphenyl diselenide high-dose.