Table 6.
Multivariable logistic regression model for risk factors for canine SRBs at six months of age, using owner-reported data from the longitudinal study ‘Generation Pup’ (n = 145). Significance threshold: P < 0.050
| Variable Name | Reference Category | Comparison Categories | Odds Ratio | 95% CI | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Use of enclosed Space at ≤16 weeks | Not enclosed at ≤16 weeks | (Reference) | 1.00 | <0.001 | |
| Daytime only (overnight not mentioned) | 0.245 | 0.03–1.78 | 0.164 | ||
| Overnight experience of being enclosed | 0.029 | 0.00–0.24 | <0.001 | ||
| Owner Age Category | 35 years and older | 16 to 34 years old | 11.12 | 1.51–81.67 | 0.018 |
| Training Reward Used at ≤16 weeks | No kibble other than normal kibble and/or dog food treats | Kibble other than normal kibble and/or dogs food treats | 13.85 | 2.81–68.33 | 0.001 |
| House Training Progression at ≤16 weeks | Zero to three accidents a week | Is ongoing, but there are still four or more accidents per week | 13.25 | 2.49–70.37 | 0.002 |
| Response to Bad Behaviour when puppy receiving No Attention at Home at six months | Bad behaviour shown and ≤1 aversive techniques a | (Reference) | 1.00 | 0.029 | |
| Bad behaviour shown and ≥2 aversive techniques a | 11.09 | 1.72–71.54 | 0.011 | ||
| Bad behaviour not shown | 5.35 | 0.89–32.04 | 0.066 | ||
| Maximum Hours of Sleep at Night at ≤16 weeks | 6–8 hours | (Reference) | 1.00 | 0.002 | |
| 9 hours | 0.142 | 0.03–0.72 | 0.018 | ||
| 10+ hours | 0.019 | 0.00–0.16 | <0.001 | ||
| Unspecified | 0.39 | 0.09–1.62 | 0.192 | ||
| Response to Bad Behaviour when Relaxing at Home at six months | ≤1 aversive techniques a | (Reference) | 1.00 | 0.001 | |
| ≤1 aversive techniques a but use time-out methods b | 97.96 | 8.36–1148.54 | <0.001 | ||
| ≥2 aversive techniques a | 27.96 | 3.01–259.96 | 0.003 | ||
| Response to Bad Behaviour upon Return (six months) | Other responses | (Reference) | 1.00 | 0.003 | |
| Fuss (Greet/Stroke/Cuddle/Play) | 5.76 | 1.24–26.71 | 0.025 | ||
| Bad behaviour not shown | 0.33 | 0.08–1.32 | 0.118 |
SRB: Separation-related behaviours.
a
Aversive techniques: Tell him/her off, physically reprimand/correct him/her (for example smack or tap on nose or bottom), distract him/her (for example with a rattled can/loud noise/water spray), physically manipulate him/her (for example hold still, put into a sit, or push off if he/she jumps up), hold him/her still.
b
Time-out methods: Move away from him/her, don’t give him/her treats that would normally be given at this time, ignore him/her, move him/her to another part of the house.