TABLE 1.

Results of sensitivity analysis in Mendelian randomization analysis.

Exposure	Outcome	Ancestor	Method	nSNP	Cochran’s Q test			Intercept term			Global test
					Q	Q_df	p	Intercept	SE	p	RSSobs	p
NAFLD	GERD	European	MR Egger	8	33.706	6	7.67E-06	0.011	0.011	0.377
			IVW	8	38.817	7	2.12E-06
			MR-PRESSO	8							48.486	<0.001
NAFLD	GERD (adjusted)	European	MR Egger	6	3.173	4	0.529	0.002	0.005	0.689
			IVW	6	3.358	5	0.645
			MR-PRESSO	6							4.992	0.690
Percent liver fat	GERD	European	MR Egger	6	6.174	4	0.186	−0.005	0.005	0.399
			IVW	6	7.547	5	0.183
			MR-PRESSO	6							14.770	0.337
GERD	NAFLD	European	MR Egger	76	114.444	74	0.002	−0.014	0.015	0.357
			IVW	76	115.772	75	0.002
			MR-PRESSO	76							118.842	0.001
GERD	NAFLD (adjusted)	European	MR Egger	72	79.812	70	0.198	−0.021	0.013	0.100
			IVW	72	82.980	71	0.156
			MR-PRESSO	72							85.289	0.170
GERD	Percent liver fat	European	MR Egger	38	81.940	75	0.273	0.006	0.006	0.299
			IVW	38	83.132	76	0.269
			MR-PRESSO	38							85.376	0.315
ALT	GERD	East Asian	MR Egger	25	21.554	23	0.547	0.004	0.034	0.909
			IVW	25	21.568	24	0.605
			MR-PRESSO	25							23.326	0.614
AST	GERD	East Asian	MR Egger	22	11.327	20	0.937	−0.001	0.033	0.977
			IVW	22	11.328	21	0.956
			MR-PRESSO	22							12.578	0.953
GERD	ALT	East Asian	MR Egger	34	54.175	29	0.008	0.002	0.004	0.674
			IVW	34	54.480	30	0.011
			MR-PRESSO	34							57.828	0.013
GERD	ALT (adjusted)	East Asian	MR Egger	33	39.567	31	0.139	0.001	0.003	0.834
			IVW	33	39.624	32	0.166
			MR-PRESSO	33							42.202	0.187
GERD	AST	East Asian	MR Egger	34	45.051	32	0.063	0.002	0.004	0.656
				IVW	34	45.335	33	0.075
			MR-PRESSO	34							48.131	0.056

SNPs, single nucleotide polymorphisms; SE, standard error; p, p-value; IVW, inverse variance weighted; PRESSO, Pleiotropy RESidual Sum and Outlier; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; GERD, gastroesophageal reflux disease; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase.