Table 3.
The application of the ctDNA in prognosis of glioma
| Tumor | Sample type | Sample size | Detection methods | Detection index | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gliomas | Tumor specimens and CSF | 85 | NGS | 410 genes | (Miller et al. 2019) |
| GBM | CSF and Plasma | 60 | ddPCR | TERTp | (Juratli et al. 2018) |
| GBM | Plasma | 42 | NGS | Plasma cfDNA | (Bagley et al. 2020) |
| GBM | Plasma | 62 | qPCR | cfDNA concentration | (Bagley et al. 2021) |
| GBM | Plasma | 49 | ddPCR | cfDNA concentration | (Fontanilles et al. 2020) |
| GBM | CSF | 1 | Genome-wide analysis | GZMB, KRT80, CD5, CCNJL, ACTB, LCN2, CALN1, and DUSP27 | (Dai et al. 2023a) |
| GBM | Tumor specimens and CSF | 4 | NGS | Methylation profiles of CSF ctDNA and Transcriptional profiles of tumor tissues | (Dai et al. 2023b) |
| Oligodendrogliomas | Tumor specimens, matched TISF samples, and blood samples | 11 | WES | 68 genes | (Liu et al. 2023) |
| Diffuse midline glioma H3 K27-altered | Biopsy tissues | 28 | WES and RNAseq | TP53 mutation status, genome instability | (Kline et al. 2022) |
ddPCR droplet digital PCR; NGS next-generation sequencing; WES whole-exome sequencing; cfDNA cell-free DNA; ctDNA circulating tumor DNA; CSF cerebrospinal fluid; TISF tumor in situ fluid; GBM glioblastoma