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. 2024 Apr 22;14(11):100981. doi: 10.1016/j.jpha.2024.100981

Fig. 8.

Fig. 8

Hyaluronic acid (HA)-modified hybrid membrane (M)-camouflaged poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) loaded halofuginone hydrobromide (HF) nanoparticles (NPs) (HA-M@P@HF NPs) alleviate rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by regulating immune-inflammation. (A, B) Immunofluorescence staining (A) and quantitative analysis (B) of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in synovium. (C, D) Immunofluorescence staining (C) and quantitative analysis (D) of CD80 (red) and CD206 (green) in the normal and inflamed joints after different treatments. (E) Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) analysis of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and IL-10 levels after various treatments. (F, G) Immunohistochemical staining (F) and quantitation (G) of Ki67 in the normal and adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rat paws after different treatments. (H, I) Immunohistochemical staining (H) and quantitation (I) of CD44 in the normal and inflamed joints after different treatments. (J, K) Immunofluorescence images (J) and quantitation (K) of the synovium stained with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay kit. (L, M) Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining (L) and osteoclast count score (M) in the normal and arthritic paws. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3). ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.01, and ∗∗∗P < 0.001. MTX: methotrexate. FI: fluorescence intensity.