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. 2024 Dec 18;24:337. doi: 10.1186/s12880-024-01453-8

Table 12.

Analysis of operational efficiency on test data

Steps Method Time-Consuming
Pre-processing - 4 s
Feature Extraction GLCM 11 s
Feature Selection PSO 2 min 20 s
GWO 3 min 12 s
PSOGWO 5 min 29 s
Classifiers ANN 38 s
CNN 1 min 5 s
RBF 1 min 12 s
Proposed 57 s