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. 2024 Feb 14;15:100497. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcchd.2024.100497

Table 5.

Cox model showing clinical and hemodynamic correlates of postoperative atrial arrhythmia.

Variables Univariable analysis
Multivariable analysis
HR (95% CI) p HR (95% CI) p
Δ RA reservoir strain, % 0.93 (0.91–0.95) <0.001 0.91 (0.86–0.96) 0.004
Postoperative Echo Indices (Echo #2)
Postop pulmonary valve mean gradient 1.04 (0.95–1.12) 0.1
Pulmonary valve size, mm 0.96 (0.85–1.08) 0.4
Concomitant tricuspid valve repair 1.14 (0.93–1.25) 0.3
Concomitant RA maze operation 1.28 (1.03–1.59) 0.02
Postop RA pressure, mmHg 1.06 (1.03–1.09) <0.001 1.03 (1.01–1.06) 0.03
Postop RV systolic pressure, mmHg
1.04 (1.01–1.07)
0.008


Preoperative Clinical Indices Demographics
Age, years 1.06 (1.05–1.08) <0.001 1.05 (0.98–1.12) 0.2
Male sex 0.65 (0.41–1.03) 0.08 1.46 (0.94–1.76) 0.4
Arrhythmia History
Preoperative atrial arrhythmias 3.11 (2.04–4.75) <0.001 2.76 (1.55–3.98) 0.006
Surgical History
Age at TOF repair, years 1.65 (0.86–2.04) 0.3
Transannular patch repair 1.97 (1.07–3.61) 0.03
Prior systemic to pulmonary shun 1.34 (0.73–2.18) 0.5
PVR replacement prior to baseline 1.12 (0.86–1.55) 0.2
Comorbidities
Hypertension 1.93 (1.21–3.08) 0.005
Diabetes 1.42 (0.82–1.46) 0.2
Coronary artery diseas
1.92 (1.01–3.65)
0.04


Preoperative Echo Indices (Echo #1)
RA reservoir strain, % 0.97 (0.95–0.99) 0.02 0.96 (0.93–0.99) 0.04
RA volume index, ml/m2 1.03 (1.02–1.04) 0.003 1.02 (1.01–1.03) 0.03
RA pressure, mmHg 1.15 (1.09–1.21) <0.001
RV global longitudinal strain*, % 0.93 (0.84–1.03) 0.2
RV systolic pressure, mmHg 1.02 (1.02–1.03) 0.004
≥Moderate tricuspid regurgitation 2.32 (1.46–3.68) <0.001
≥Moderate pulmonary regurgitation 2.04 (0.83–4.11) 0.4
Pulmonary valve mean gradient, mmHg 1.01 (0.99–1.03) 0.3
LA volume index, ml/m2 1.02 (1.00–1.04) 0.08
LA reservoir strain, % 0.96 (0.93–0.99) 0.02
LV global longitudinal strain*, %
0.97 (0.93–1.01)
0.3


Preoperative CMRI Indices
RV end-diastolic volume index, ml/m2 0.96 (0.91–1.01) 0.1
RV end-systolic volume index, ml/m2 0.95 (0.91–0.99) 0.09
RV ejection fraction, % 0.96 (0.92–1.00) 0.1

Abbreviations: CMRI: cardiac magnetic resonance imaging; CI: confidence interval; HR: hazard ratio; LA: left atrium; LV: left ventricle; PVR: pulmonary valve replacement; RA: right atrium; RV: right ventricle; TOF: tetralogy of Fallot.

Footnote: * LV and RV global longitudinal strain were modeled as absolute values (i.e., without the negative sign). Note that only the covariates with statistically significant association with outcome are displayed in the multivariable model.