Table 3.
Logistic regression examining the association of risk factors with odds of death.
| Variables | Non-Survivor (n = 56) | Survivor (n = 213) | Univariable Analysis |
Multivariable Analysis |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Odds Ratio | p-value | aOdds Ratio | p-value | |||
|
Intraoperative TEE AVVR No – Trivial – Mild AVVR Moderate – Severe AVVR Systemic Ventricular Function Normal Mild Dysfunction Moderate – Severe Dysfunction |
41 (80.4 %) 10 (19.6 %) 34 (66.7 %) 10 (19.6 %) 7 (13.7 %) |
181 (91.4 %) 17 (8.6 %) 169 (85.4 %) 16 (8.1 %) 13 (6.6 %) |
Reference 2.6 (1.11, 6.09) Reference 3.11 (1.3, 7.43) 2.68 (1, 7.2) |
0.028 0.011 0.051 |
Refence 1.47 (0.46, 4.68) Refence 1.97 (0.62, 6.26) 1.25 (0.31, 4.98) |
0.52 0.248 0.755 |
| Cardiopulmonary Bypass Time (min) | 172.5 [158.0, 219.5] | 162.0 [140.0, 185.0] | 1.1 (1.04, 1.16) | 0.001 | 1.04 (0.96, 1.12) | 0.388 |
| Duration of Mechanical Ventilation (hr) | 401.12 [193.18, 701.73] | 145.34 [92.78, 291.35] | 1.02 (1.01, 1.03) | <0.0001 | 1.01 (1.0,1.02) | 0.197 |
|
Post-Norwood iNO on Arrival to CICU No Yes |
43 (76.8 %) 13 (23.2 %) |
191 (89.7 %) 22 (10.3 %) |
Reference 2.63 (1.23, 5.62) |
0.013 | Reference 1.02 (0.36, 2.88) |
0.971 |
|
Delayed Sternal Closure No Yes |
11 (19.6 %) 45 (80.4 %) |
89 (41.8 %) 124 (58.2 %) |
Reference 2.94 (1.44, 5.99) |
0.003 | Reference 1.51 (0.58, 3.94) |
0.398 |
|
Post-Norwood VIS Score First 24 h Hours 24–48 |
20.0 [13.8, 28.5] 22.5 [15.0, 35.0] |
17.0 [10.0, 23.0] 15.0 [10.0, 21.0] |
1.19 (1.06, 1.33) 1.27 (1.14, 1.42) |
0.003 <0.0001 |
1 (0.78, 1.28) 1.05 (0.84, 1.3) |
0.988 0.666 |
|
Post-Norwood Cath Intervention No Yes |
15 (27.3 %) 40 (72.7 %) |
169 (79.7 %) 43 (20.3 %) |
Reference 10.48 (5.3, 20.72) |
<0.0001 | Reference 4.28 (1.76, 10.41) |
0.001 |
|
Post-Norwood ECLS Requirement No-ECLS ECLS |
18 (32.1 %) 38 (67.9 %) |
186 (87.3 %) 27 (12.7 %) |
Reference 14.54 (7.29, 29.02) |
<0.0001 | Reference 5.35 (2.07, 13.83) |
0.001 |
Abbreviations: TEE: Transesophageal Echocardiogram; AVVR: Atrioventricular Valve Regurgitation; iNO: Inhaled Nitric Oxide; CICU: Cardiac Intensive Care Unit; VIS: Vasoactive Inotropic Score; ECLS: Extracorporeal Life Support.
Note: The odds ratios for continuous factors were calculated for every 5 units change in VIS Score, circulatory arrest time, and every 10 units change in cardiopulmonary bypass time and duration of mechanical ventilation.