TABLE 2.
Clinical features of children presenting with ALRI.
| Characteristics a | Total n = 1477 | 3–5 months n = 329 | 6–11 months n = 572 | 12–17 months n = 335 | 18–23 months n = 241 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Reported symptoms (last 3 days) | |||||
| Cough | 1410 (95.4) | 316 (96.0) | 550 (96.1) | 317 (94.6) | 227 (94.1) |
| Difficulty breathing | 970 (65.6) | 227 (68.9) | 379 (66.2) | 216 (64.4) | 148 (61.4) |
| Runny nose | 595 (40.2) | 130 (39.5) | 225 (39.3) | 141 (42.0) | 99 (41.0) |
| Reported fever | 1107 (74.9) | 225 (68.3) | 441 (77.0) | 265 (79.1) | 176 (73.0) |
| Physical examination | |||||
| Temperature | |||||
| ≥ 101°F | 566 (38.3) | 91 (27.6) | 224 (39.1) | 152 (45.3) | 99 (41.0) |
| 99.5°F–100.9°F | 216 (14.6) | 42 (1.2) | 89 (15.5) | 49 (14.6) | 36 (14.9) |
| 98.6°F–99.4°F | 294 (19.9) | 77 (23.4) | 111 (19.4) | 63 (18.8) | 43 (17.8) |
| Afebrile | 401 (27.1) | 119 (36.1) | 148 (25.8) | 71 (21.1) | 63 (26.1) |
| Observed cough | 438 (29.6) | 107 (32.5) | 160 (27.9) | 102 (30.4) | 69 (28.6) |
| Fast breathing | 1064 (72.0) | 242 (73.5) | 367 (64.1) | 257 (76.7) | 198 (82.1) |
| Chest in‐drawing | 1183 (80.0) | 279 (84.8) | 454 (79.3) | 263 (78.5) | 187 (77.5) |
| Nasal flaring | 129 (8.7) | 25 (7.5) | 52 (9.0) | 26 (7.7) | 26 (10.7) |
| Grunting | 6 (0.0) | 1 (0.0) | 2 (0.0) | 2 (0.0) | 1 (0.0) |
| Head nodding or tracheal tugging | 171 (11.5) | 40 (12.1) | 73 (12.7) | 32 (9.5) | 26 (10.7) |
| Oxygen saturation | |||||
| 94–100 | 1154 (78.1) | 260 (79.0) | 437 (76.3) | 261 (77.9) | 196 (8.1) |
| 90–93 | 110 (7.4) | 30 (9.1) | 49 (8.5) | 16 (4.7) | 15 (6.2) |
| < 90 | 66 (4.4) | 22 (6.6) | 23 (4.0) | 15 (4.4) | 6 (2.5) |
| Missing | 147 (9.9) | 17 (5.1) | 63 (11.0) | 43 (12.8) | 24 (9.9) |
| Lung auscultation | |||||
| Crepitations | 1014 (68.6) | 228 (69.3) | 405 (70.8) | 223 (66.5) | 158 (65.5) |
| Wheeze on auscultation | 426 (28.8) | 102 (31.0) | 165 (28.8) | 84 (25.0) | 75 (31.1) |
| General danger sign | |||||
| Convulsions | 42 (2.8) | 1 (0.0) | 11 (1.9) | 19 (5.6) | 11 (4.5) |
| Lethargy | 4 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.0) | 3 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Unable to eat or drink | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Vomits everything | 1 (0.0) | 1 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Chest radiography | |||||
| Alveolar consolidation only | 53 (3.5) | 13 (3.9) | 20 (3.4) | 11 (3.2) | 9 (3.7) |
| Other infiltrate only | 249 (16.8) | 68 (20.6) | 95 (16.6) | 57 (17.0) | 29 (12.0) |
| Alveolar consolidation and other infiltrate | 302 (20.4) | 81 (24.6) | 115 (20.1) | 68 (20.2) | 38 (15.7) |
| Admitted to hospital | 292 (19.7) | 84 (25.5) | 122 (21.3) | 60 (17.9) | 26 (10.7) |
| Duration of hospitalization b | |||||
| < 1 day | 24 (8.2) | 6 (7.1) | 10 (8.1) | 5 (8.3) | 3 (11.5) |
| 1–2 days | 207 (70.8) | 56 (66.6) | 89 (72.9) | 41 (68.3) | 21 (80.7) |
| 3–4 days | 51 (17.5) | 18 (21.4) | 18 (14.7) | 13 (21.6) | 2 (7.6) |
| ≥ 5 days | 10 (3.5) | 4 (4.7) | 5 (4.0) | 1 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) |
| Outcome of hospitalization b | |||||
| Cured and discharged | 284 (97.2) | 82 (97.6) | 118 (20.6) | 60 (96.7) | 24 (92.3) |
| Referred | 4 (1.4) | 1 (1.2) | 3 (2.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Left against medical advice | 3 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (7.7) |
| Died | 1 (0.4) | 1 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
a
Percentages are all column percentages, unless indicated otherwise. All percentages are rounded off to the first decimal point.
b
Among 292 children who required hospitalization.