TABLE 4.
Clinical characteristics of children with specific respiratory viruses.
| Characteristics a | Influenza A + B (n = 92) b | RSV A + B (n = 299) b | PIV (n = 96) b | HMPV (n = 173) b | HRV/HEV (n = 560) b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, male | 54 (58.6) | 164 (55.0) | 56 (58.3) | 91 (52.6) | 344 (61.4) |
| Median age in months (SD) | 10 (9.5) | 9 (8) | 10 (8) | 10 (9) | 10 (9) |
| Reported symptoms (last 3 days) | |||||
| History of fever | 81 (88.0) | 238 (79.8) | 76 (79.1) | 141 (81.5) | 371 (66.2) |
| History of cough | 86 (93.4) | 281 (94.2) | 93 (96.8) | 165 (95.3) | 539 (96.2) |
| History of difficulty breathing | 55 (59.7) | 197 (66.1) | 63 (65.6) | 115 (66.4) | 381 (68.0) |
| History of runny nose | 55 (59.7) | 92 (30.8) | 50 (52.0) | 87 (50.2) | 247 (44.1) |
| Degree of fever | |||||
| ≥ 101°F | 47 (16.3) | 125 (41.8) | 30 (31.3) | 74 (42.8) | 137 (24.5) |
| 99.5°F–100.9°F | 11 (11.9) | 55 (18.3) | 24 (25.0) | 24 (13.9) | 82 (14.6) |
| 98.6°F–99.4°F | 19 (20.6) | 59 (19.7) | 19 (19.8) | 30 (17.3) | 140 (25.0) |
| Afebrile | 15 (16.3) | 60 (20.0) | 23 (23.9) | 45 (26.0) | 201 (35.9) |
| Observed cough | 39 (42.3) | 89 (29.8) | 33 (34.3) | 62 (35.8) | 169 (30.1) |
| Fast breathing | 58 (63.0) | 227 (76.1) | 73 (76.0) | 128 (73.9) | 405 (72.3) |
| Chest indrawing | 64 (69.5) | 247 (82.8) | 69 (71.8) | 140 (80.9) | 461 (82.3) |
| Crepitations | 44 (47.8) | 230 (77.1) | 64 (66.6) | 136 (78.6) | 378 (67.5) |
| Wheeze on auscultation | 21 (22.8) | 85 (28.5) | 22 (22.9) | 38 (21.9) | 170 (30.3) |
| Audible wheeze | 1 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.5) | 1 (0.0) |
| Hypoxemia (< 90% sat) | 3 (3.2) | 19 (6.3) | 6 (6.2) | 8 (4.6) | 25 (4.4) |
| 94–100 | 64 (69.6) | 229 (76.8) | 72 (75.0) | 141 (81.5) | 441 (78.8) |
| 90–93 | 3 (3.2) | 35 (11.8) | 6 (6.2) | 12 (6.9) | 47 (8.4) |
| < 90 | 3 (3.2) | 19 (6.4) | 6 (6.2) | 8 (4.6) | 25 (4.4) |
| Missing | 22 (23.9) | 15 (5.0) | 12 (12.5) | 12 (6.9) | 47 (8.3) |
| Head nodding or tracheal tugging | 4 (4.3) | 49 (16.4) | 6 (6.2) | 20 (11.5) | 66 (11.7) |
| Nasal flaring | 7 (7.6) | 59 (19.7) | 5 (5.2) | 11 (6.3) | 46 (8.2) |
| Grunting | 0 (0.0) | 2 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.1) | 1 (0.0) |
| General danger sign | |||||
| Convulsions | 6 (6.5) | 6 (2.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (1.1) | 11 (1.9) |
| Lethargy | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.5) | 3 (0.0) |
| Unable to eat or drink | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Vomits everything | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Chest radiography | |||||
| Alveolar consolidation only | 2 (2.1) | 7 (2.3) | 5 (5.2) | 10 (5.7) | 16 (2.8) |
| Other infiltrate only | 21 (22.8) | 49 (16.3) | 12 (12.5) | 39 (22.5) | 93 (16.6) |
| Alveolar consolidation & other infiltrate | 23 (25.0) | 56 (18.7) | 17 (17.7) | 49 (28.3) | 109 (19.4) |
| Hospitalized | 27 (29.3) | 78 (26.1) | 19 (19.7) | 34 (19.6) | 92 (16.4) |
| Duration of hospitalization | |||||
| Median (SD) in days | 2 (7.4) | 2 (0.8) | 2 (1.2) | 2 (1.2) | 2 (1.4) |
| < 1 day | 4 (14.8) | 1 (1.2) | 4 (21.0) | 1 (2.9) | 8 (8.6) |
| 1–2 days | 17 (62.9) | 64 (82.0) | 10 (52.6) | 21 (61.7) | 61 (66.3) |
| 3–4 days | 5 (18.5) | 12 (15.3) | 5 (26.3) | 10 (29.4) | 18 (19.5) |
| ≥ 5 days | 1 (3.7) | 1 (1.2) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (5.8) | 5 (5.4) |
| Outcome of hospitalization | |||||
| Discharged | 25 (92.5) | 78 (100.0) | 19 (100.0) | 33 (97.0) | 88 (95.6) |
| Referred | 1 (3.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.0) | 1 (1.0) |
| Left against medical advice | 1 (3.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (2.1) |
| Died | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.0) |
a
Percentages are all column percentages, unless indicated otherwise. Percentages are rounded off to the first decimal point.
b
Analyses describe cases where specific virus was detected, irrespective of single or multiple virus detection.