Table 3.
Relationship between different dietary indices and emphysema among adults aged 20 years or older.
| Variable | OR (95% CI) simple without weighted | p | OR (95% CI) simple with weighted | p | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |||
| HEI-2020 continuous | 0.973 (0.965,0.98) |
0.982 (0.974,0.99) |
0.982 (0.974,0.99) |
<0.001 | 0.976 (0.967,0.985) | 0.988 (0.977,1) |
0.993 (0.988,0.997) | <0.001 |
| HEI-2020 category (ref Q1) | ||||||||
| Q2 | 0.902 (0.714,1.138) | 0.666 (0.517,0.856) | 0.346 (0.251,0.47) |
<0.001 | 0.951 (0.712,1.27) |
0.699 (0.519,0.941) | 0.389 (0.26,0.584) |
<0.001 |
| Q3 | 1.027 (0.799,1.318) | 0.828 (0.627,1.088) | 0.46 (0.317,0.656) |
<0.001 | 1.122 (0.801,1.572) | 0.959 (0.674,1.365) | 0.577 (0.354,0.942) | 0.028 |
| Q4 | 1.023 (0.796,1.314) | 0.82 (0.621,1.078) |
0.457 (0.314,0.651) | <0.001 | 1.123 (0.801,1.574) | 0.96 (0.676,1.362) |
0.572 (0.353,0.927) | 0.024 |
| DII continuous | 1.257 (1.175,1.347) | 1.169 (1.084,1.264) | 1.042 (1.01,1.075) |
0.009 | 1.308 (1.197,1.429) | 1.191 (1.068,1.328) | 1.044 (0.998,1.092) | 0.062 |
| DII category (ref Q1) | ||||||||
| Q2 | 1.359 (0.983,1.891) | 2.118 (1.567,2.895) | 2.247 (1.666,3.068) | <0.001 | 1.922 (1.258,2.936) | 2.592 (1.578,4.257) | 3.002 (1.972,4.571) | <0.001 |
| Q3 | 1.232 (0.855,1.79) | 1.762 (1.256,2.507) | 1.721 (1.229,2.447) | 0.002 | 1.553 (1.018,2.371) | 1.985 (1.16,3.395) |
1.99 (1.257,3.151) |
0.003 |
| Q4 | 1.236 (0.858,1.795) | 1.745 (1.243,2.484) | 1.716 (1.225,2.441) | 0.002 | 1.549 (1.01,2.375) |
1.973 (1.147,3.395) | 1.985 (1.25,3.154) |
0.004 |
| MEDI continuous | 0.68 (0.616,0.75) |
0.75 (0.671,0.838) |
0.913 (0.871,0.958) | <0.001 | 0.711 (0.64,0.79) |
0.809 (0.706,0.928) | 0.935 (0.881,0.992) | 0.026 |
| MEDI category (ref Q1) | ||||||||
| Q2 | 0.725 (0.564,0.925) | 0.439 (0.342,0.559) | 0.4 (0.284,0.552) |
<0.001 | 0.827 (0.604,1.132) | 0.53 (0.393,0.713) |
0.415 (0.265,0.648) | <0.001 |
| Q3 | 0.839 (0.641,1.088) | 0.565 (0.429,0.738) | 0.44 (0.282,0.661) |
<0.001 | 0.956 (0.669,1.367) | 0.799 (0.553,1.153) | 0.432 (0.258,0.723) | 0.001 |
| Q4 | 0.829 (0.634,1.076) | 0.563 (0.428,0.736) | 0.442 (0.284,0.665) | <0.001 | 0.95 (0.663,1.362) |
0.797 (0.552,1.151) | 0.435 (0.26,0.727) |
0.001 |
| DASHI continuous | 0.823 (0.757,0.894) | 0.878 (0.799,0.963) | 0.949 (0.913,0.988) | 0.010 | 0.844 (0.755,0.942) | 0.932 (0.824,1.053) | 0.94 (0.885,0.999) |
0.045 |
| DASHI category (ref Q1) | ||||||||
| Q2 | 1.142 (0.901,1.449) | 0.9 (0.697,1.16) |
0.534 (0.395,0.717) | <0.001 | 1.244 (0.905,1.711) | 1.097 (0.766,1.571) | 0.616 (0.389,0.975) | 0.038 |
| Q3 | 1.21 (0.937,1.562) | 0.979 (0.739,1.293) | 0.654 (0.466,0.908) | 0.012 | 1.394 (1,1.945) | 1.229 (0.816,1.85) | 0.895 (0.558,1.436) | 0.642 |
| Q4 | 1.206 (0.934,1.557) | 0.976 (0.737,1.29) |
0.651 (0.464,0.904) | 0.012 | 1.391 (0.998,1.938) | 1.227 (0.812,1.854) | 0.887 (0.556,1.417) | 0.611 |
Model 1: sex, age group, race, income, education, marital status.
Model 2: sex, age group, race, income, education, marital status, BMI, smoking, drinking, physical activity.
Model 3: sex, age group, race, income, education, marital status, BMI, smoking, drinking, physical activity, diabetes, hypertension.
HEI, Healthy Eating Index; DII, Dietary Inflammation Index; MEDI, Mediterranean Dietary Index; DASHI, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Index; p, p-value for model 3.