Fig. 3. In vitro immunomodulatory potential of EVs, assessed by mixed lymphocyte reaction.

Lymphocytes from SD /CD and Wistar rat strains were mixed, stimulated for 48 h with PHA-M and ConA, then treated with rat ADSC EVs at a dose ranging from 0 (negative control) to 7.0.10¹⁰ particles per well. Lymphocyte proliferation rates were assessed at 24 h and normalized to the proliferation rate observed in the negative control group. Data are shown as the mean ± SD with individual values (6 biological replicates from 2 independent experiments per group).