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. 2024 Dec 19;9:252. doi: 10.1038/s41541-024-01043-3

Fig. 1. S and/or N DNA vaccines induce SARS-CoV-2 S- and N-specific IgG and nAb responses in K18-hACE2 mice.

Fig. 1

a Experimental protocol: On days 0 and 21, K18-hACE2 mice were inoculated with S and/or N DNA vaccines or pVAX negative control (25 µg, IM), and blood was harvested 1 day pre-boost and 7- and 14-days post-boost. Representation of the experiment timeline was Created with BioRender.com. b–d ELISA assays of serum harvested on days 20 and 28 showing endpoint titers of IgG specific for N, S, or RBD proteins from the indicated SARS-CoV-2 strains. Data are from 3 independent experiments (n = 13–15 mice/group). e Serum harvested on day 35 was subjected to pVNT50 nAb assay using pseudoviruses harboring S proteins from the indicated SARS-CoV-2 strains. Data are from 2 independent experiments (n = 10–11 mice/group). b–e Serum samples were tested in duplicate on the same plates. Group means were compared by the non-parametric Kruskal-Wallis test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001. Circles, individual mice; dashed lines, detection limit.