Table 2.
Associations between study variables and DFS
| Study variables | HR (95% CI) | p-value | aHR (95% CI) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NLR groupa | ||||
| Group I | Reference | Reference | ||
| Group II | 1.07 (0.90, 1.27) | 0.448 | 1.00 (0.84, 1.19) | 0.997 |
| Group III | 1.30 (1.10, 1.52) | 0.001 | 1.09 (0.93, 1.29) | 0.293 |
| Group IV | 1.63 (1.43, 1.87) | < 0.001 | 1.30 (1.13, 1.50) | < 0.001 |
| Age, years (≥ 65 vs. 18–64) | 1.60 (1.44, 1.78) | < 0.001 | 1.36 (1.21, 1.52) | < 0.001 |
| Male sex (vs. female) | 1.10 (0.99, 1.23) | 0.074 | 1.12 (1.00, 1.25) | 0.042 |
| Chemotherapy | ||||
| IRI, OXA | 0.44 (0.38, 0.50) | < 0.001 | 0.48 (0.42, 0.56) | < 0.001 |
| 5FU, others | 0.51 (0.43, 0.60) | < 0.001 | 0.57 (0.48, 0.67) | < 0.001 |
|
Chemotherapy < 4 times/ duration < 3 months/no chemotherapy |
Reference | Reference | ||
| Comorbidity | ||||
| DM | 1.24 (1.09, 1.40) | 0.001 | ||
| HTN | 1.14 (1.02, 1.27) | 0.019 | ||
| CAD | 1.53 (1.24, 1.89) | < 0.001 | ||
| CVA | 1.51 (1.19, 1.92) | 0.001 | ||
| CKD | 2.44 (1.93, 3.08) | < 0.001 | 1.42 (1.12, 1.81) | 0.004 |
| COPD/asthma | 1.38 (1.10, 1.74) | 0.005 | ||
| Tumor location (left vs. right) | 0.84 (0.76, 0.94) | 0.002 | ||
| T stage | ||||
| 1, 2 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 3 | 1.50 (1.19, 1.89) | 0.001 | 1.28 (1.01, 1.62) | 0.039 |
| 4 | 2.08 (1.65, 2.64) | < 0.001 | 1.67 (1.31, 2.13) | < 0.001 |
| N stage | ||||
| 1 | Reference | Reference | ||
| 2 | 1.40 (1.26, 1.56) | < 0.001 | 1.45 (1.30, 1.62) | < 0.001 |
| Histologic grade | ||||
| Well, moderately | Reference | Reference | ||
| Poorly, undifferentiated | 1.38 (1.17, 1.63) | < 0.001 | 1.25 (1.05, 1.48) | 0.010 |
| Unknown | 2.29 (2.00, 2.61) | < 0.001 | 2.37 (2.06, 2.72) | < 0.001 |
| CEA, ng/mL | ||||
| Normal (< 5) | Reference | Reference | ||
| Elevated (≥ 5) | 1.52 (1.35, 1.72) | < 0.001 | 1.30 (1.15, 1.47) | < 0.001 |
| Unknown | 1.05 (0.91, 1.22) | 0.520 | 1.11 (0.95, 1.29) | 0.202 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dLb | ||||
| Normal | Reference | |||
| Low | 1.20 (1.08, 1.35) | 0.001 | ||
| Albumin, g/dL | ||||
| > 3.5 | Reference | Reference | ||
| ≤ 3.5 | 1.78 (1.55, 2.03) | < 0.001 | 1.31 (1.13, 1.51) | < 0.001 |
| Unknown | 1.30 (1.04, 1.63) | 0.021 | 1.13 (0.90, 1.41) | 0.308 |
p-values < 0.05 are shown in bold
DFS disease-free survival, DM diabetes mellitus, HTN hypertension, CAD coronary artery disease, CVA cardiovascular accident, CKD chronic kidney disease, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, CEA carcinoembryonic antigen, IRI irinotecan, OXA oxaliplatin, HR hazard ratio, aHR adjusted hazard ratio, CI confidence interval
aGroup I: preoperative NLR ≤ 2.5, postoperative NLR ≤ 1.5
Group II: preoperative NLR ≤ 2.5 postoperative NLR > 1.5
Group III: preoperative NLR > 2.5 postoperative NLR ≤ 1.5
Group IV: preoperative NLR > 2.5 postoperative NLR > 1.5
bMale ≤ 13.5 g/dL, female ≤ 12 g/dL