TABLE 1.
Studies published between 2011 and 2023 that assessed the clinical relevance of change in HJHS scores.
| Treatment | HJHS score | HJHS change | Clinically relevant? | Change time interval | Reference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre‐treatment | Post‐treatment | |||||
| Emicizumab |
CG: 4 (0;13) EG: 16 (4; 34) a |
CG: 3 (0; 19) EG: 11 (2; 31) a |
CG: 0 (−2; 3.3) EG: −2 (−9; 1.5) a |
No (HJHS ≥4) |
25 months | Wall et al. 17 |
| Emicizumab | With TJ: 25.6 (20.9) c | – |
All participants: −1.86 (−3.53; −0.20) With TJ: −2.28, (−4.15; −0.42) c |
Yes b (HJHS ≥4) |
49 weeks | Kiialainen et al. 18 |
| No intervention/SoC | 8.5 (3.8; 14.8) a | 11.0 (4.0; 19.0) a | Not reported |
No (HJHS ≥4) |
8 years (median FU) | Kuijlaars et al. 12 |
| Elastic resistance training | – | – |
EG: −2.89 (−5.85; 0.07) CG:.99 (−1.97; 3.95) c |
Yes (baseline SD × 0.2) |
8 weeks | Calatayud et al. 19 |
| Rehabilitation | 11.0 (3.0; 19.0) a | 6.0 (2.0; 11.0) a | −3.3 (3.6) c |
Yes (SRM) |
2 weeks (median FU) | Groen et al. 20 |
| Fascial therapy d |
EG: Left 9 (10) Right 5 (4) CG: Left 5 (7) Right 11 (7) a |
EG: Left 8 (9) Right 4 (5) CG: Left 5 (10) Right 8 (7) a |
EG: Left 1.00 (1.56) Right: 1.14 (1.22) CG: Left −0.14 (2.34) Right: 0.43 (1.27) c |
Yes (MDC) |
3 weeks | Pérez‐Llanes et al. 21 |
| Self‐induced myofascial release d | 5.42 (4.4) c | 4.04 (3.1) c | 1.38 (0.94; 1.81) c |
No (MDC) |
8 weeks | Pérez‐Llanes et al. 25 |
| Immersive VR d | 12.07 (2.65) c | 10.87 (2.28) c | 1.20 (0.82; 1.57) c |
No (MDC) |
4 weeks | Ucero‐Lozano et al. 22 |
| Immersive VR d | 10.77 (3.4) c | 9.92 (3.1) c | −0.84 (−1.16; −0.52) c |
No (MDC) |
4 weeks | Ucero‐Lozano et al. 24 |
| Myofascial release d |
EG: 9.67 (3.87) CG: 8.01 (4.2) c |
EG: 8.14 (3.75) CG: 8.22 (4.29) c |
0.66 (0.45; 0.86) c |
No (MDC) |
3 weeks | Cuesta‐Barriuso et al. 23 |
Note: Ten papers assessed clinical relevance with varying assessment intervals.
Abbreviations: CG, control group; CI, confidence interval; EG, experimental group; FU, follow up; HJHS, Haemophilia Joint Health Score; IQR, interquartile range; MDC, minimum detectable change; PedHAL, paediatric haemophilia activities list; SD, standard deviation; SRM, standardised response mean; TJ, target joint; VR, virtual reality.
The HJHS scores or the change were reported as median (IQR) in these studies.
A clinically relevant improvement in HJHS was only found in the joint specific domains.
The HJHS scores or the change were reported as mean (SD) or mean (95% CI) in these studies.
Only single joint HJHS scores (e.g., elbow or knee joints) were measured in these studies.