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. 2024 Dec 19;7:1669. doi: 10.1038/s42003-024-07342-8

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a Whole-mount immunostaining of Prtg (red), pSmad2 (green), and DAPI (blue) in E9.5 control and Prtg⁻^/⁻ embryos. Digital transverse sections at the indicated levels in the whole-mount embryos are shown at the bottom (n = 8 embryos per group). Scale bars represent 500 µm. b Whole-mount immunostaining of Hoxc10 (green) and DAPI (blue) in E9.5 control and Prtg⁻^/⁻ embryos (n = 4 embryos per group). Digital transverse sections at the indicated levels in the whole-mount embryos are shown at the bottom. Arrowheads indicate the PSM regions. Scale bars represent 500 μm. D dorsal, V ventral. c–e Whole-mount in situ hybridization of Ski (n = 2) (c), Skil (n = 2) (d), and Smurf1 (n = 2) (e) in E9.5 control and Prtg⁻^/⁻ embryos. Dashed lines indicate regions where the expression levels are decreased in Prtg⁻^/⁻ embryos. Scale bars represent 500 µm. f, g Whole-mount in situ hybridization of Hoxc10 (n = 2) (f) and Hoxd10 (n = 2) (g) in E9.5 embryos. Red dashed boxes indicate regions of reduced expression levels of the indicated gene in Prtg⁻^/⁻ embryos. Dashed lines indicate the positions of sections in the right panels. Scale bars represent 500 µm in whole-mount images and 100 µm in sections. fb forelimb bud, h heart, lpm lateral plate mesoderm, nc notochord, np neural plate, nt neural tube, ov otic vesicle, pa1 1st pharyngeal arch, psm presomitic mesoderm, sm somitic mesoderm.