Table 5.
Additive interaction of family medical history of CVD with hypertension and diabetes on cardiovascular diseases among individuals aged 45 and above in India.
| Chronic heart diseases | Stroke | Cardiovascular diseases | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 1 | Model 2 | |
| A | Hypertension | ||||||
| Additive interaction between family history and hypertension | ||||||
| 0.FH#0.hypertension | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| 0.FH#1.hypertension | 5.42*** (4.09 7.17) | 3.67*** (3.00 4.49) | 4.28*** (3.48 5.28) | 3.4*** (2.72 4.25) | 5.08*** (4.04 6.38) | 3.61*** (3.06 4.26) |
| 1.FH#0.hypertension | 2.17*** (1.56 3.02) | 1.86*** (1.32 2.61) | 3.16*** (2.03 4.90) | 2.91*** (1.85 4.57) | 1.82*** (1.43 2.33) | 1.66*** (1.30 2.12) |
| 1.FH#1.hypertension | 11.19*** (8.58 14.58) | 7.52*** (5.57 10.15) | 12.87*** (9.16 18.09) | 9.54*** (6.62 13.76) | 9.10*** (7.40 11.19) | 6.57*** (5.20 8.31) |
| Measures of interaction on an additive scale (P-value, 95% CI) | ||||||
| RERI | 4.60; 0.002 (1.66 7.54) | 2.99; 0.005 (0.89 5.06) | 6.43; 0.003 (2.23 10.62) | 4.23; 0.012 (0.90 7.57) | 3.18; 0.001 (1.26 5.11) | 2.30; 0.001 (0.87 3.74) |
| AP$ | 41.10; 0.000 (0.22 0.60) | 39.73; 0.000 (0.21 0.58) | 49.94; 0.000 (0.31 0.69) | 44.34; 0.000 (0.22 0.66) | 35.02; 0.000 (0.19 0.51) | 35.07; 0.000 (0.20 0.51) |
| S | 1.82; 0.001 (1.27 2.61) | 1.84; 0.001 (1.28 2.66) | 2.18; 0.000 (1.44 3.31) | 1.98; 0.003 (1.24 3.15) | 1.65; 0.001 (1.23 2.21) | 1.71; 0.000 (1.27 2.28) |
| B | Diabetes | ||||||
| Additive interaction between family history and diabetes | ||||||
| 0.FH#0.diabetes | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| 0.FH#1.diabetes | 4.10*** (2.60 6.45) | 2.43*** (1.84 3.23) | 2.82*** (2.22 3.58) | 2.19*** (1.70 2.82) | 3.77*** (2.58 5.52) | 2.41*** (1.88 3.10) |
| 1.FH#0.diabetes | 2.53*** (1.97 3.25) | 2.21*** (1.70 2.87) | 3.43*** (2.54 4.64) | 3.07*** (2.23 4.23) | 2.12*** (1.76 2.56) | 1.95*** (1.61 2.35) |
| 1.FH#1.diabetes | 8.22*** (5.92 11.43) | 4.90*** (3.42 6.99) | 9.69*** (5.99 15.68) | 7.03*** (4.24 11.63) | 6.71*** (5.18 8.69) | 4.36*** (3.27 5.80) |
| Measures of interaction on an additive scale (P-value, 95% CI) | ||||||
| RERI | 2.59; 0.111 (−0.60 5.79) | 1.25; 0.189 (−0.62 3.11) | 4.44; 0.063 (−0.23 9.12) | 2.76; 0.126 (−0.77 6.30) | 1.82; 0.103 (−0.37 4.01) | 0.99; 0.156 (−0.38 2.36) |
| AP$ | 31.60; 0.049 (0.00 0.63) | 25.51; 0.103 (−0.05 0.56) | 45.82; 0.001 (0.18 0.74) | 39.33; 0.017 (0.09 0.72) | 27.11; 0.057 (−0.01 0.55) | 22.75; 0.089 (−0.04 0.49) |
| S | 1.56; 0.109 (0.91 2.69) | 1.47; 0.16 (0.86 2.51) | 2.04; 0.016 (1.14 3.67) | 1.85; 0.060 (0.97 3.50) | 1.47; 0.110 (0.92 2.35) | 1.42; 0.133 (0.89 2.24) |
p < 0.05, **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; Ref, reference category; FH, family medical history (family history of chronic heart diseases and stroke, cardiovascular diseases).
Interaction exists if RERI ! = 0 or AP ! = 0 or S ! = 1.
Model 1: Unadjusted model.
Model 2: Adjusted for age, sex, education, working, marital status, residence, MPCE, religion, caste, region, physical inactivity, smoking, chewing tobacco, alcohol consumption, body mass index (BMI), ADL and IADL.
RERI, Relative excess risk due to interaction.
AP, Attributable proportion, AP$, the attributable proportion, has been presented in the result as a percentage after multiplied by 100, S, Synergy index.
RERI, AP, and S values have been presented in bold.