Figure 1.

Neuroinflammation model: Inflammatory response in naïve mice induced by 4 mg/kg of LPS at various time points. (A) Schematic diagram showing the experimental design paradigm. (B) mRNA expression of IL-1β in distinct brain regions, including the olfactory bulb (OB), hippocampus (HC), striatum (ST), cortex (CX), and cerebellum (CR). (C) Expression of the IL-1β protein in distinct brain subregions. The data represents the mean ± SEM (n = 4), and statistical significance is denoted as follows: *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 compared to the CTRL group.