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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Dec 20.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Rev Nephrol. 2024 Apr 17;20(7):447–459. doi: 10.1038/s41581-024-00834-0

Fig. 6. Potential applications using injured epithelial cells and epithelial cell signaling after kidney transplantation.

Fig. 6

A. Epithelial cell information can be obtained from kidney tissue from biopsies or kidney cells shed into the urine. Having, both, tissue and urine single cell data can help in associating kidney tissue injury signatures with the corresponding cell population in the urine. The so-identified injured cell populations in patient urine can be non-invasively measured over time using either single cell sequencing or other faster and more cost-effective techniques such as FACS or measuring RNA or protein levels of specific targets derived from single cell sequencing data. B. Applications of data from injured epithelial cell states as mentioned in the text including allograft monitoring (decaying/delayed graft function), unbiased disease classification and novel therapies.