Fig. 1.

ECMO Cannulation Modes. Panel A: femoral to internal jugular configuration (primary strategy) applied in the majority of cases: 21F catheter inserted via femoral vein to the hepatic vein opening of IVC, and 17F catheter inserted via internal jugular vein to a depth of 13–15 cm; Panel B: femoral to veno-femoral configuration (alternative strategy for neck surgery): 21F catheter inserted via femoral vein to the hepatic vein opening of IVC, and 24F catheter inserted via contralateral femoral vein to the SVC-RA junction. All cannulations were performed under ultrasound guidance. IVC, inferior vena cava; SVC, superior vena cava; RA, right atrium; VV-ECMO, veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation