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. 2024 Dec 20;23:415. doi: 10.1186/s12944-024-02392-7

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© The Author(s) 2024

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Fig. 4 — Schematic diagram of the mediation effect analysis. Path C (Total Effect): This represents the overall relationship between LS7 and arthritis, combining both direct and indirect effects. Path C′ (Direct Effect): This refers to the effect of LS7 on arthritis that is not mediated by BFP, represent the independent influence of LS7. Path A : This pathway shows the effect of LS7 on the BFP. Path B : This pathway shows the effect of BFP on the arthritis. The indirect effect is estimated as the multiplication of paths A and B (path A*B). The mediated proportion is calculated as indirect effect/ (indirect effect + direct effect) × 100%. Abbreviation: LS7, Life’s Simple 7; BFP, Body Fat Percentage