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(A)–(D) Spectra of grating-integrated microring lasers: (A) R = 40 μm, dg = −25 nm; (B) R = 40 μm, dg = −85 nm; (C) R = 10 μm, dg = −25 nm; (D) R = 10 μm, dg = −85 nm. Radial modes: magenta triangles; WGMs: blue dots; λGMR: orange dashed lines. (E)–(G) Simulation results on radial guide mode with different parameters: (E) Λ varied, R = 5 μm, dg = 40 nm, (F) R varied, Λ = 314 nm, dg = 80 nm, and (G) dg varied, R = 5 μm, Λ = 314 nm.
