Table 2.

Perioperative outcomes of patients receiving cytoreductive nephrectomy in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitor use in renal cell carcinoma (2019–2021).

Outcome	Upfront CN	Deferred CN	P
	N=586	N=166
Major complications	8%	5%	0.188
Overall complications	33%	39%	0.152
Infectious complications	7%	5%	0.518
Median total operative time (mins)	172	184	0.14
MIS →Open conversion	6%	4%	0.517
Adjunctive procedures	31%	34%	0.434
Discharge to care facility	5%	2%	0.152
Length of total hospital stay (days)	3	3	0.914