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. 2024 Dec 6;12:1467651. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1467651

Table 6.

Effect size analysis of additional visual task exercises in physical education, KVA, and UDVA.

Indicators Effect relationships Effect Bootstrap 95% CI Proportion of effect
LLCI ULCI
UDVA (left eye) Total effect 0.594 0.037 0.109
Direct effect 0.514 0.027 0.100 87%
Indirect effect 0.080 0.011 0.180 13%
UDVA (right eye) Total effect 0.525 0.028 0.100
Direct effect 0.438 0.017 0.090 83%
Indirect effect 0.087 0.023 0.167 17%