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. 2024 Dec 17;19:13507–13524. doi: 10.2147/IJN.S488357

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© 2024 Li et al.

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Structural characterization and ability of Cu_4.5O USNPs. (A) Transmission electron microscopy images, with magnification scale bars of 100 nm and 5 nm. (B) Crystal structure under powder X-ray diffraction. Surface chemical composition under X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy in the Cu (C) LM2 spectrum and (D) 2p spectrum. (E–I) Reactive oxygen species scavenging activities of Cu_4.5O USNPs: (E) ·OH, (F) O₂⁻, (G) H₂O₂, (H) ABTS, and (I) DPPH.