Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2024 Dec 20;22:1119. doi: 10.1186/s12967-024-05865-6

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Fig. 6 — High concentrations of DCA inhibit the ISC differentiation into goblet and Paneth cells, which is prevented by YAP1 antibody. A The mRNA expression levels of Atoh1, Elf3, Gfi1 and Sox9 in mouse ileum tissue (n = 3 or 5). B Representative micrographs of intestinal enteroids in four groups after 96 h of culture in mice. Scale bars: 200 μm. C Line graph of changes in enteroids budding rates at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h (n = 3–6). D Comparison of enteroids budding rates at 24, 48, 72 and 96 h (n = 3–6). E Representative micrographs of mouse intestinal enteroids treated with or without DCA. Scale bars: 200 μm. F Line graph of changes in enteroids budding rates after DCA intervention with 24, 48 h (n = 5). G Comparison of enteroids budding rates after DCA intervention with 24, 48 h (n = 5). H Representative micrographs of human intestinal enteroids treated with or without DCA. Scale bars: 100 μm. I Line graph of changes in human enteroids budding rates after DCA intervention with 24, 48 and 72 h (n = 5). J Comparison of human enteroids budding rates after DCA intervention with 24, 48 and 72 h (n = 5). K Representative micrographs of immunofluorescence staining for MUC2 in mouse intestinal enteroids. Scale bars: 200 μm. L Quantitative analysis of K (n = 4). M Representative micrographs of immunofluorescence staining for lysozyme in mouse intestinal enteroids. Scale bars: 200 μm. N Quantitative analysis of M (n = 4). O Representative micrographs of immunofluorescence staining for MUC2 in human intestinal enteroids. Scale bars: 100 μm. P Quantitative analysis of O (n = 4). Q Representative micrographs of immunofluorescence staining for lysozyme in human intestinal enteroids. Scale bars: 100 μm. R Quantitative analysis of Q (n = 4). S Protein expression of goblet cell marker KRT18 in the terminal ileum of Yap1^fl/fl mice and Yap1^fl/fl Vil1-Cre mice after 24 h coculture with 100 μM DCA or DMSO (n = 5 or 3). T In vitro culture of human ileal tissue, the mRNA levels of MUC2, LYZ, and DEFA5 were assessed in human ileum tissue with various treatments (n = 3 or 4). DCA, deoxycholic acid; LFD, low-fat diet; HFD, high-fat diet; CHO, cholestyramine. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001