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. 2024 Dec 21;74(1):30. doi: 10.1007/s00262-024-03871-7

Table 3.

Hazard ratios (95% CIs) contrasting occurrence versus no occurrence of irAEs using different estimation methods, separately for irAEs treated with systemic corticosteroids, and irAEs not treated with systemic corticosteroids

irAEs without systemic corticosteroid administration versus no AE irAEs with systemic corticosteroid administration versus no AE irAEs with versus without corticosteroid administration
OS PFS OS PFS OS PFS
Original cohort, HR (95% CI)
Naive cox 0.45 (0.27–0.77) 0.45 (0.28–0.73) 0.33 (0.17–0.67) 0.29 (0.14–0.57) 0.52 (0.22–1.19) 0.41 (0.17–0.99)
Time-updated cox 1.00 (0.59–1.67) 0.94 (0.60–1.49) 0.65 (0.31–1.37) 0.60 (0.31–1.16) 0.70 (0.36–1.39) 0.51 (0.24–1.08)
Emulated cohort, HR (95% CI)
TTE 1.01 (0.65–1.56) 1.13 (0.73–1.75) 0.80 (0.48–1.33) 0.95 (0.62–1.46) 0.80 (0.44–1.44) 0.84 (0.51–1.41)

All models were for adjusted for age, and sex, center, therapy line, ECOG (0/ ≥ 1), and localization of metastases (lymph node only disease/visceral metastases/missing) were added as strata. The TTE pooled weighted Cox model was additionally adjusted for study number as a natural cubic spline

OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival; ORR, objective response rate; CR, complete response