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. 2024 Dec 21;11:1420. doi: 10.1038/s41597-024-04278-w

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 5 — Visualisations of the outcome of some of the main gridding steps. The island is Kvitøya in eastern Svalbard. (a) Block median at 2,000 × 2,000 m of all data including both low- and high-resolution data after calculation step 5. (b) Blockmedian at 100 × 100 m after upsampling, showing the result of calculation step 5. (c) Low resolution 2,000 × 2,000 m interpolated, smoothed and resampled base grid produced using the blockmedian grid and the Generic Mapping Tools (GMT) spline in tension function²⁷ in step 8. (d) Difference between (b,c), after applying a 20 grid cell empty buffer zone around high-resolution data in calculation step 10. (e) Interpolated difference values filling the buffer zones to make a smooth transition between high- and low-resolution data, also in step 10. (f) Restored final grid where the grid in e is added to b.